The Crayfish: An Introduction to the Study of Zoology.

by Thomas Henry Huxley

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THE CRAYFISH, AN INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY OF ZOOLOGY
BY T. H. HUXLEY, F.R.S.

THE
INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC SERIES.

Each Book Complete in One Volume. Crown 8vo. cloth, 5s. unless otherwise described.

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• I. FORMS of WATER: in Clouds and Rivers, Ice and Glaciers. By J. TYNDALL, LL.D., F.R.S. With 25 Illustrations. Twelfth Edition.
• II. PHYSICS and POLITICS; or, Thoughts on the Application of the Principles of ‘Natural Selection’ and ‘Inheritance’ to Political Society. By WALTER BAGEHOT. Tenth Edition.
• III. FOODS. By EDWARD SMITH, M.D., LL.B., F.R.S. With 156 Illustrations. Tenth Edition.
• IV. MIND and BODY: the Theories of their Relation. By ALEXANDER BAIN, LL.D. With Four Illustrations. Ninth Edition.
• V. The STUDY of SOCIOLOGY. By HERBERT SPENCER. Eighteenth Edition.
• VI. The CONSERVATION of ENERGY. By BALFOUR STEWART, M.A., LL.D., F.R.S. With 14 Illustrations. Eighth Edition.
• VII. ANIMAL LOCOMOTION; or, Walking, Swimming, and Flying. By J. B. PETTIGREW, M.D., F.R.S., &c. With 130 Illustrations. Fourth Edition.
• VIII. RESPONSIBILITY in MENTAL DISEASE. By HENRY MAUDSLEY, M.D. Fifth Edition.
• IX. The NEW CHEMISTRY. By Professor J. P. COOKE, of the Harvard University. With 31 Illustrations. Eleventh Edition.
• X. The SCIENCE of LAW. By Professor SHELDON AMOS. Eighth Edition.
• XI. ANIMAL MECHANISM: a Treatise on Terrestrial and Aërial Locomotion. By Professor E. J. MAREY. With 117 Illustrations. Fourth Edition.
• XII. The DOCTRINE of DESCENT and DARWINISM. By Professor OSCAR SCHMIDT (Strasburg University). With 26 Illustrations. Eighth Edition.
• XIII. The HISTORY of the CONFLICT between RELIGION and SCIENCE. By J. W. DRAPER, M.D., LL.D. Twenty-second Edition.
• XIV. FUNGI: their Nature, Influences, Uses, &c. By M. C. COOKE, M.A., LL.D. Edited by the Rev. M. J. BERKELEY, M.A., F.L.S. With Illustrations. Fifth Edition.
• XV. The CHEMISTRY of LIGHT and PHOTOGRAPHY. By Dr. HERMANN VOGEL. With 100 Illustrations. Sixth Edition.
• XVI. The LIFE and GROWTH of LANGUAGE. By WILLIAM DWIGHT WHITNEY. Sixth Edition.
• XVII. MONEY and the MECHANISM of EXCHANGE. By W. STANLEY JEVONS, M.A., F.R.S. Eleventh Edition.
• XVIII. The NATURE of LIGHT, with a General Account of PHYSICAL OPTICS. By Dr. EUGENE LOMMEL. With 188 Illustrations and a Table of Spectra in Chromo-lithography. Sixth Edition.
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• XXI. The FIVE SENSES of MAN. By Professor BERNSTEIN. With 91 Illustrations. Seventh Edition.
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• XXIV. A HISTORY of the GROWTH of the STEAM ENGINE. By Professor R. H. THURSTON. With numerous Illustrations. Fifth Edition.
• XXV. EDUCATION as a SCIENCE. By ALEXANDER BAIN, LL.D. Ninth Edition.
• XXVI. The HUMAN SPECIES. By Professor A. DE QUATREFAGES, Membre de l’Institut. Fifth Edition.
• XXVII. MODERN CHROMATICS. With Application to Art and Industry. By OGDEN N. ROOD. Third Edition. With 130 original Illustrations.
• XXVIII. The CRAYFISH: an Introduction to the Study of Zoology. By T. H. HUXLEY, F.R.S. Sixth Edition. With 82 Illustrations.
• XXIX. The BRAIN as an ORGAN of MIND. By H. CHARLTON BASTIAN, M.D. Fourth Edition. With 184 Illustrations.
• XXX. The ATOMIC THEORY. By Professor A. WURTZ. Translated by E. CLEMINSHAW, F.C.S. Seventh Edition.
• XXXI. The NATURAL CONDITIONS of EXISTENCE as they affect Animal Life. By KARL SEMPER. Fifth Edition. With 2 Maps and 106 Woodcuts.
• XXXII. GENERAL PHYSIOLOGY of MUSCLES and NERVES. By Prof. J. ROSENTHAL. Fourth Edition. With 75 Illustrations.
• XXXIII. SIGHT: an Exposition of the Principles of Monocular and Binocular Vision. By JOSEPH LE CONTE, LL.D. Third Edition. With 132 Illustrations.
• XXXIV. ILLUSIONS: a Psychological Study. By JAMES SULLY. Fourth Edition.
• XXXV. VOLCANOES: what they are and what they teach. By JOHN W. JUDD, F.R.S. Fifth Edition. With 96 Illustrations.
• XXXVI. SUICIDE: an Essay on Comparative Moral Statistics. By Professor H. MORSELLI. Third Edition.
• XXXVII. The BRAIN and its FUNCTIONS. By J. LUYS, Physician to the Hospice de la Salpêtrière. With numerous Illustrations. Third Edition.
• XXXVIII. MYTH and SCIENCE: an Essay. By TITO VIGNOLI. Fourth Edition.
• XXXIX. The SUN. By C. A. YOUNG, Ph.D., LL.D. Fifth Edition. With numerous Illustrations.
• XL. ANTS, BEES, and WASPS. A Record of Observations on the Habits of the Social Hymenoptera. By Sir JOHN LUBBOCK, Bart., M.P. Fourteenth Edition. With 5 Chromo-lithographic Plates.
• XLI. ANIMAL INTELLIGENCE. By GEORGE J. ROMANES, LL.D., F.R.S. Sixth Edition.
• XLII. The CONCEPTS and THEORIES of MODERN PHYSICS. By J. B. STALLO. Third Edition.
• XLIII. DISEASES of MEMORY. An Essay in the Positive Psychology. By TH. RIBOT. Fourth Edition.
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• XLVI. ELEMENTARY METEOROLOGY. By ROBERT H. SCOTT. With 11 Plates and 40 Figures in Text. Seventh Edition.
• XLVII. The ORGANS of SPEECH. By GEORG HERMANN VON MEYER. With 47 Illustrations.
• XLVIII. FALLACIES: a View of Logic from the Practical Side. By ALFRED SIDGWICK. Second Edition.
• XLIX. The ORIGIN of CULTIVATED PLANTS. By ALPHONSE DE CANDOLLE. Second Edition.
• L. JELLY FISH, STAR FISH, and SEA URCHINS. Being a Research on Primitive Nervous Systems. By G. J. ROMANES, LL.D., F.R.S. Second Edition.
• LI. The COMMON SENSE of the EXACT SCIENCES. By the late WILLIAM KINGDON CLIFFORD. Third Edition. With 100 Figures.
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• LV. COMPARATIVE LITERATURE. By H. MACAULAY POSNETT, LL.D.
• LVI. EARTHQUAKES and other EARTH MOVEMENTS. By Prof. JOHN MILNE. With 38 Figures. Fourth Edition, revised.
• LVII. MICROBES, FERMENTS, and MOULDS. By E. L. TROUESSART. With 107 Illustrations. Third Edition.
• LVIII. GEOGRAPHICAL and GEOLOGICAL DISTRIBUTION of ANIMALS. By Prof. A. HEILPRIN. Second Edition.
• LIX. WEATHER: a Popular Exposition of the Nature of Weather Changes from Day to Day. By the Hon. RALPH ABERCROMBY. With 96 Figures. Fourth Edition.
• LX. ANIMAL MAGNETISM. By ALFRED BINET and CHARLES FÉRE. Fourth Edition.
• LXI. MANUAL of BRITISH DISCOMYCETES, with descriptions of all the Species of Fungi hitherto found in Britain included in the Family, and Illustrations of the Genera. By WILLIAM PHILLIPS, F.L.S. Second Edition.
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• LXIII. The GEOLOGICAL HISTORY of PLANTS. By Sir J. WILLIAM DAWSON. With 80 Illustrations.
• LXIV. The ORIGIN of FLORAL STRUCTURES THROUGH INSECT and other AGENCIES. By Prof. G. HENSLOW. Second Edition.
• LXV. On the SENSES, INSTINCTS, and INTELLIGENCE of ANIMALS, with special reference to INSECTS. By Sir JOHN LUBBOCK, Bart., M.P. With 118 Illustrations. Third Edition.
• LXVI. The PRIMITIVE FAMILY in its ORIGIN and DEVELOPMENT. By C. N. STARCKE. Second Edition.
• LXVII. PHYSIOLOGY of BODILY EXERCISE. By FERNAND LAGRANGE, M.D. Second Edition.
• LXVIII. The COLOURS of ANIMALS: their Meaning and Use, especially considered in the case of Insects. By E. B. POULTON, F.R.S. With Chromolithographic Frontispiece and upwards of 60 Figures in Text. Second Edition.
• LXIX. INTRODUCTION to FRESH-WATER ALGÆ. With an Enumeration of all the British Species. By M. C. COOKE, LL.D. With 13 Plates Illustrating all the Genera.
• LXX. SOCIALISM: NEW and OLD. By WILLIAM GRAHAM, M.A., Professor of Political Economy and Jurisprudence, Queen’s College, Belfast. Second Edition.
• LXXI. COLOUR-BLINDNESS and COLOUR-PERCEPTION. By F. W. EDRIDGE-GREEN, M.D. With 3 Coloured Plates.
• LXXII. MAN and the GLACIAL PERIOD. By G. F. WRIGHT, D.D. With 111 Illustrations and Maps. Second Edition.
• LXXIII. HANDBOOK of GREEK and LATIN PALÆOGRAPHY. By Sir E. MAUNDE THOMPSON, K.C.B. With Tables of Alphabets and Facsimiles. Second Edition.
• LXXIV. A HISTORY of CRUSTACEA: Recent Malacostraca. By THOMAS R. R. STEBBING, M.A. With 19 Plates and 32 Figures in Text.
• LXXV. The DISPERSAL of SHELLS: an Inquiry into the means of Dispersal possessed by Fresh Water and Land Mollusca. By H. WALLIS KEW, F.Z.S. With Preface by A. R. WALLACE, F.R.S., and Illustrations.
• LXXVI. RACE and LANGUAGE. By ANDRÉ LEFÈVRE, Professor in the Anthropological School, Paris.
• LXXVII. The ORIGIN of PLANT STRUCTURES by SELF-ADAPTATION TO THE ENVIRONMENT. By Rev. G. HENSLOW, M.A., F.L.S., F.G.S., &c., author of ‘The Origin of Floral Structures,’ &c.
• LXXVIII. ICE-WORK PRESENT and PAST. By Rev. T. G. BONNEY, D.Sc., LL.D., F.R.S., &c., Professor of Geology at University College, London; Fellow of St. John’s College, Cambridge.
• LXXIX. A CONTRIBUTION to our KNOWLEDGE of SEEDLINGS. By Rt. Hon. Sir JOHN LUBBOCK, Bart., M.P., F.R.S.
• LXXX. The ART of MUSIC. By Sir C. HUBERT H. PARRY, Mus. Doc.
• LXXXI. The POLAR AURORA. By ALFRED ANGOT. Illustrated.
• LXXXII. WHAT is ELECTRICITY? By J. TROWBRIDGE. Illustrated.
• LXXXIII. MEMORY. By F. W. EDRIDGE-GREEN, M.D. With Frontispiece.
• LXXXIV. The ELEMENTS of HYPNOTISM. By R. HARRY VINCENT. With Diagrams. Second Edition.
• LXXXV. SEISMOLOGY. By JOHN MILNE, F.R.S., F.G.S., &c., Author of ‘Earthquakes.’ With 53 Figures.
• LXXXVI. On BUDS and STIPULES. By the Right Hon. Sir JOHN LUBBOCK, Bart., M.P., F.R.S., D.C.L., LL.D. With 4 Coloured Plates and 340 Figures in the Text.
• LXXXVII. EVOLUTION by ATROPHY, in Biology and Sociology. By JEAN DEMOOR, JEAN MASSART, and EMILE VANDERVELDE. Translated by Mrs. CHALMERS MITCHELL. With 84 Figures.
• LXXXVIII. VARIATION in ANIMALS and PLANTS. By H. M. VERNON, M.A., M.D.

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