Knowledge.
There are of KNOWLEDGE two kinds; whereof one is knowledge of fact: the other knowledge of the consequence of one affirmation to another. The former is nothing else, but sense and memory, and is absolute knowledge; as when we see a fact doing, or remember it done: and this is the knowledge required in a witness. The latter is called science; and is conditional; as when we know, that, if the figure shown be a circle, then any straight line through the centre shall divide it into two equal parts. And this is the knowledge required in a philosopher; that is to say, of him that pretends to reasoning.
The register of knowledge of fact is called history. Whereof there be two sorts: one called natural history; which is the history of such facts, or effects of nature, as have no dependence on man’s will; such as are the histories of metals, plants, animals, regions, and the like. The other, is civil history; which is the history of the voluntary actions of men in commonwealths.
The registers of science, are such books as contain the demonstrations of consequences of one affirmation, to another; and are commonly called books of philosophy; whereof the sorts are many, according to the diversity of the matter; and may be divided in such manner as I have divided them in the following table.
| SCIENCE, that is, knowledge of consequences; which is called also Philosophy. |  | Consequences from the accidents of bodies natural; which is called Natural Philosophy. |  | Consequences from the accidents common to all bodies natural; which are quantity, and motion. | ||||
| | Consequences from the qualities of bodies transient, such as sometimes appear, sometimes vanish, Meteorology. | |||||||
| Physics or consequences from qualities. |  | Consequences from the qualities of the stars. | ||||||
| Consequences from the qualities of bodies permanent. | Consequences of the qualities from liquid bodies, that fill the space between the stars; such as are the air, or substances ethereal. | |||||||
| Consequences from the qualities of bodies terrestrial. | ||||||||
| Consequences from the accidents of politic bodies; which is called Politics, and Civil Philosophy. |  | 1. Of consequences from the institution of Commonwealths, to the rights, and duties of the body politic or sovereign. | ||||||
| 2. Of consequences from the same, to the duty and right of the subjects. | ||||||||
| Consequences from quantity, and motion indeterminate; which being the principles or first foundation of philosophy, is called |  | Philosophia Prima. | ||||||
| Consequences from motion and quantity determined. |  | Consequences from quantity, and motion determined. |  | By Figure. |  | Mathematics. |  | Geometry. |
| By Number. | Arithmetic. | |||||||
| Consequences from the motion, and quantity of bodies in special. | | Consequences from the motion and quantity of the greater parts of the world, as the earth and stars. |  | Cosmography. | | Astronomy. Geography. | ||
| Consequences from the motions of special kinds, and figures of body. |  | Mechanics. Doctrine of weight. | | Science of Engineers. Architecture. Navigation. | ||||
| | Consequences from the light of the stars. Out of this, and the motion of the sun, is made the science of |  | Sciography. | ||||||
| Consequences from the influences of the stars | Astrology. | ||||||||
| | Consequences from the parts of the earth, that are without sense. |  | Consequences from the qualities of minerals, as stones, metals, &c. | ||||||
| Consequences from the qualities of vegetables. | |||||||||
| | Consequences from the qualities of animals in general. | | Consequences from vision | Optics. | |||||
| Consequences from sounds | Music. | ||||||||
| Consequences from the rest of the senses. | |||||||||
| Consequences from the qualities of animals. | Consequences from the qualities of men in special. |  | Consequences from the passions of men. | Ethics. | |||||
| Consequences from speech. | | In magnifying, vilifying, &c. | | Poetry. | |||||
| In persuading, | Rhetoric. | ||||||||
| In reasoning | Logic. | ||||||||
| In contracting. | The Science of Just and Unjust. | ||||||||
CHAPTER X.
OF POWER, WORTH, DIGNITY, HONOUR, AND
WORTHINESS.
Power.