[86] Gedal-land. Mr. Seebohm translates “land divided into strips”.
[87] There is evidently an omission of some such words.
[88] Vinogradoff, The Growth of the Manor, p. 150.
[89] The nature of the difference between the tun and the ham has perhaps yet to be discovered. For brevity’s sake the former word only will be used in the following discussion. Neither “town” nor “township” is a quite satisfactory translation.
[90] The theory that place-names containing the element ing necessarily points to a settlement by a community, though generally accepted, is contested by Prof. Earle and Mr. Stevenson, who consider that ing is sometimes merely the equivalent of the genitive singular (Eng. Hist. Rev., iv., 356).
[91] Such as those in Seebohm’s Village Community.
[92] By Vinogradoff, l.c., 176; compare also Maitland, Domesday Book and Beyond, p. 337.
[93] Germania, xxvi.
[94] From caruca, a plough. There is a general correspondence between the two terms hide and carucate, but it would not be safe to treat them as always precisely equivalent to one another.
[95] The size of a hide might partly depend on the nature of the soil. Obviously in some soils a team of six oxen would accomplish a much larger day’s work than in others. Kemble, The Saxons in England, i., 101, argues for a hide of about 33 acres.