"I will not say anything."

"Why don't you speak of it?"

"It is not called [Ts'ao-shan]."23

It is said that Tung-shan gave Ts'ao-shan private instruction after this and regarded his capability highly. The anecdote, if we may venture a guess, seems to assert that the Universal cannot be reached through language, and hence he could only converse about his objective, physical form.

After several years of study, Ts'ao-shan decided to strike out on his own, and he announced this intention to Tung-shan. The older master then inquired:

"Where are you going?"

"I go where it is changeless."

"How can you go where it is changeless?"

"My going is no change.24