Saunders, E. Dale. Buddhism in Japan. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1964.

Schloegl, Irmgard, trans. The Zen Teachings of Rinzai. Berkeley, Calif.: Shambhala, 1976.

Sekida, Katsuki, trans. Two Zen Classics: Mumonkan Er Hekiganroku. New York: Weatherhill, 1977.

Shafer, Edward. "The Last Years of Ch'ang-an." Oriens Extremus, 2 (October 1963), pp. 133-79.

Shaw, R. D. M. The Embossed Teakettle. London: Allen & Unwin, 1963.

----- , trans. The Blue Cliff Records. London: Michael Joseph, 1961.

Shibayama, Zenkei. Zen Comments on the Mumonkan. Trans. Sumiko Kudo. New York: Harper & Row, 1974.

Shoko, Watanabe. Japanese Buddhism: A Critical Appraisal. Tokyo: Japanese Cultural Society, 1970.

Smith, D. Howard. Chinese Religions. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1968.

Snyder, Gary. "Han-shan," in Cyril Birch, ed., Anthology of Chinese Literature. New York: Grove, 1965.