[114] For a brief sketch of Father Nicolas Point see De Smet’s Letters in our volume xxvii, p. 192, note 67.—Ed.
[115] On the boundaries of Oregon consult our volume xxviii, p. 29, note 1. By the Oregon Treaty (1846) the northern boundary was fixed at the parallel 49°; north of this was British, not Russian, territory. The writer of this introductory matter seems not to have been well informed.—Ed.
[116] For the early Spanish explorations of the Northwest Coast see Farnham’s Travels in our volume xxviii, pp. 30-32, including notes 3-9.—Ed.
[117] Compare with this Franchère’s Narrative in our volume vi, pp. 248, 249; see also H. S. Lyman, History of Oregon (New York, 1903), i, pp. 167-174, where the traditions of descendants from early castaways are collected. The Tillamook (Kilamuke) Indians are noted in our volume vi, p. 258, note 67.—Ed.
[118] For Cook’s discoveries (1778-79, not 1790) see our volume xxviii, p. 31 note 6; for Gray, Vancouver, and Mackenzie, our volume vi, pp. 183-185, notes 1, 2, 4.—Ed.
[119] For the Lewis and Clark expedition see Thwaites, Original Journals (New York, 1905). The Astorian enterprise is narrated in Franchère’s Narrative and Ross’s Oregon Settlers, volumes vi and vii of our series.—Ed.
[120] See Franchère’s Narrative in our volume vi, pp. 294-303; and Ross’s Oregon Settlers in our volume vii, pp. 244-250.—Ed.
[121] For McLoughlin see Townsend’s Narrative in our volume xxi, p. 296, note 81.—Ed.
[122] See, on the Willamette settlement, De Smet’s Letters in our volume xxvii, p. 386, note 203; on Provencher, ibid., p. 391, note 213.—Ed.
[123] The Methodist here mentioned was Jason Lee, who went out in 1833; see our volume xxi, p. 138, note 13. The Episcopalian clergyman was Rev. Herbert Beaver, who was sent as chaplain by the Hudson’s Bay Company on their vessel the “Nereid,” arriving at Vancouver in August, 1836. Although having formerly served in the West Indies, Beaver did not find it easy to adapt himself to frontier life, and for his officious criticisms incurred the dislike of the gentlemen at Fort Vancouver. After eighteen months of service he returned to England, and the company sent no more chaplains to the Northwest.—Ed.