[352] This method of smoking is in great repute among all the savages of the West. It is of the same importance and equally as binding as an oath among civilized nations. If two savages, ready to kill each other, can be induced to accept the calumet, the dispute ceases, and the bond of their friendship becomes stronger than ever.—De Smet.
[353] The ashki is a cord, made of horse-hair or of the bark of the elm, which they prepare by boiling it in cold water. It varies from twenty-five to sixty feet in length, and, although it is but about one inch in thickness, it is strong enough to bind the most powerful man. This they adorn with the quills of the porcupine, and with little bells. The bells, besides for the sake of ornament, are intended to give notice in case the victim makes any efforts to escape.—De Smet.
[354] For the Sanpoil Indians see De Smet’s Letters in our volume xxvii, p. 319, note 161.—Ed.
[355] For different forms of the name of the Yellowstone see our volume xxii, p. 375, note 351.—Ed.
[356] Fort Augustus, the present Edmonton, Alberta.—Ed.
[357] For the former exploits of these two chiefs see De Smet’s Letters in our volume xxvii, pp. 285, 286.—Ed.