At what period of pregnancy does it usually occur? During the early months it is more frequent and troublesome.

How long does it usually last? Usually three or four months, but it may last during the whole pregnancy.

What can be done for it? In some cases arranging the diet to prevent and cure constipation relieves it. For fuller treatment see this heading under Obstetrics.

Does it ever endanger life? Not often, but a physician should be called if it is bad.

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Can any strict rules be laid down for this trouble? No, but the food should be as concentrated as possible; egg-nog, ice cream, a bit of rare steak, etc., raw oysters, gruels, meat broths, etc., if liquids are well borne. It is surprising how little will keep up some women during pregnancy.

When and how often should the urine be examined? From the beginning and twice each month, and every week after the fifth month.

When should the nurse be called? Long enough before the expected time to get everything ready.

What is lightening? It is caused by the womb sinking down lower in the pelvis the last month, and this lightens the pressure upon the diaphragm and lungs.

What are false pains? They occur during the last few weeks of pregnancy at irregular intervals and are usually in the abdomen.