The Writings of Thomas Jefferson, Vol. 1 (of 9) / Being His Autobiography, Correspondence, Reports, Messages, Addresses, and Other Writings, Official and Private

by Thomas Jefferson

[116] A hogshead of tobacco weighs generally about one thousand pounds English, equal to nine hundred and seventeen pounds French. The seven hogsheads he sailed with would therefore weigh, according to this estimate, six thousand four hundred and twenty-three pounds. They actually weighed more on the first essay. When afterwards weighed at Landivisian, they had lost eighty-four pounds on being carried into a drier air. Perhaps, too, a difference of weights may have entered into this apparent loss.

[117] [Minister of Foreign Affairs for France.]

INDEX TO VOL. I.

• Adams, John—His views on Articles of Confederation, [33].
  • Appointed Minister to England, [63].
  • His presentation at the Court of St. James, [436].
• Adams, Samuel—His character, [121].
• Agriculture—Its superiority to all other pursuits, [403], [465].
  • That of England and France compared, [549].
• Aliens—Who are and who are not aliens, [530].
• Algiers—(See [Barbary States]).
• America, U. States of—Imperfections of Articles of Confederation, [78].
  • A New Constitution for, necessary, [78].
  • Views of U. States prevalent in Europe, [407], [413].
  • Views of public affairs of U. States in A. D. 1785, [423].
  • English calumnies against, [427].
  • Hostile feeling of England against, [429], [464], [541], [550], [563], [604].
  • Low reputation of, in Europe, [513].
  • Extravagance of the people, [550].
  • Summary of news from, [349].
• Antoinette, Maria—Her character, [88], [101].
• Arms—Supply of, for Congress, [603].
• Army, Revolutionary—Virginia troops, [235].
  • Continental troops, [235].
  • Disasters in South, [241], [249].
  • Success in Canada, [202].
  • Supplies of men, provisions and ammunition from Virginia for the Southern Army, [243], [244], [245], [246], [247], [249], [251], [252], [253], [254], [256], [260], [262], [263], [273], [274], [285], [288], [302], [304].
  • The movements of the Southern Army, [291], [294], [296], [298], [299], [300], [302], [303], [309].
  • Expedition against Canada, [206].
  • Military movement in Va., [207].
  • Process of the War, [211].
  • False account of our battles circulated in Europe, [207].
• Articles of Confederation—(See [Confederation]).
• Asquith, Lister—Relative to his imprisonment in France on charge of being engaged in contraband trade, [583].
• Astronomy—Discoveries in, [447], [516].
• Austria—Relations between the Emperor and the Dutch, [346], [353], [355], [358], [365], [400], [405].
  • Relations between Austria, Russia, and Turkey, [400].
  • Treaty of Commerce with, [510], [523], [566], [571].

• Balloons—Experiments with in France, [354], [441].
• [Barbary] States—Naval alliance against proposed, [65], [591], [606].
  • It fails, [67].
  • Disposition of towards U. S., [401], [413], [428].
  • Relations of U. S. with, [376], [393], [557], [560], [565], [570], [572], [575], [584], [591], [601].
  • A mission to, advisable, [406].
  • Mr. Barclay sent on the mission to Morocco, [416], [474].
  • Letter to Emperor, [418].
  • Instructions to Mr. Barclay, [420].
  • Inquiries to be made by him, [421].
  • Mr. Lambe sent on mission to Algiers, [376], [438], [457], [474], [581].
  • Embarrassments occasioned by his delay, [376], [385].
  • Remanded to America to give information in respect to mission, [581].
  • His equivocal conduct, [605].
  • Passports for ministers, [471].
  • American prisoners, [439], [477], [601].
  • Negotiations with the Tripolitine minister, [551].
  • Naval war against, advisable, [591].
• Boston Port Bill—Effects of its passage on colonies, [6].
  • Proceedings thereon in Va. Assembly, [6].
  • June 1st, appointed day of general fasting, humiliation and prayer, [7].
• Boundary—Between Pennsylvania and Virginia, [399].
• Burgesses, Virginia House of—Proceedings in, on Stamp Act, [4].
  • Distinguished members, [4].
  • Tone and political views of members, [5].
  • Proceedings on Boston Port Bill, [6].
  • Dissolved by Governor, [7].
  • Recommended sending members to Continental Congress, [7].
  • Also to elect delegates to meet at Williamsburg, [7].
  • Their action, [8], [9].

• Camden—Battle of, [263].
• Capitol of Virginia—Model for from France, [46].
• Carmichael, Mr.—The estimation in which held at Court of Spain, [526].
• Carr, Peter—Letter of advice to in respect to education, &c., [395].
• Chancery Courts—Expediency of introducing trial by Jury in, [37], [49], [50].
• Cherbourg, Port of—Its fortification, [587].
• Church, Episcopal—Its first establishment in Virginia, [38].
  • Character of its clergy, [38].
  • Dissenters from constitute a majority, [38].
  • Its overthrow as an establishment, [39], [174].
  • Its maintenance advocated particularly by Pendleton and Robert C. Nicholas, [39].
• Cincinnati, Society of—History of and objections to, [334].
• Citizenship—Act defining it, [40].
• Clarke, Col.—His success at St. Vincennes, [221].
  • Expedition against Indians, [339], [359], [381], [382], [395].
• Colonies, American—Resistance to mother country, [5].
  • Tone and views of different parties, [5].
  • Resistance to Governor, [5].
  • Summary view of relations between and the mother country, [8].
  • Summary view of their rights, [124].
  • Their grievances, [201].
• Commerce—Commercial treaties under Confederation, [60].
  • Powers of Congress over, [349].
  • Proposition to exempt merchant vessels from seizure in time of war, [62].
  • Commercial treaties with European powers, [62], [371], [455], [459], [465], [478], [487].
  • Benefits of, [404].
  • Expediency of investing Congress with control of, [425], [475], [487], [531].
  • Commercial relations with France, [378], [386], [491], [499].
  • Commercial relations with Austria, [511], [512], [523].
  • The commerce of the U. States, [597].
  • Programme of commercial treaties with European powers, [350], [360], [371].
• Committees of Correspondence—Their origin, [6], [115], [124].
• [Confederation], Articles of—Report of committee appointed to prepare, [26].
  • Debates thereon in Continental Congress, [27], [28], [29], [30], [31].
  • Adoption thereof, [36].
  • Executive power lodged in Committee, [54].
  • The Committee splits into factions, [54].
  • Character of Congress under, [58].
  • Imperfections of Articles of Confederation, [78].
  • New Constitution necessary, [78].
  • Financial embarrassments under Confederation, [83].
  • Powers of over commerce, [349], [425], [475], [487].
• Congress—Proceedings of Continental Congress, [8], [9], [10], [11], [12], [13], [14], [15], [16], [17], [18], [19].
  • Address by to people of Great Britain, [11].
  • Character of Congress under Confederation at Annapolis, [58].
  • Instructions of Va. to her delegates to Continental Congress, [122], [142].
• Constitution, Federal—Mr. Jefferson's views on, [79].
• Consuls—Consular Convention with France, [85].
  • Consuls not recognized by Law of Nations, [426].
• Convention—The Assembly of the Convention to amend constitution, [79].
• Cornwallis, Lord—His military movements in South, [291], [294].
• Criminal Code—Revision of Criminal Code of Va., [43].
  • Whether punishment of death should be abolished, [45].
  • Bill proportioning crimes and punishments, [146].
• Currency—Notes on Money Unit, [53], [162].
  • Coinage for U. States, [475].

• Davies, Col. Wm.—Recommendation of for Commissioner of War Office, [301].
• Debt, Domestic—Condition of, [369], [472], [578].
• Debt, Foreign—Condition of, [82], [369], [471], [510], [512], [519], [546], [566], [576].
  • Interest on, [357].
• Debt, Revolutionary—Interest not paid during war, [546], [561].
  • On what principle paper debt redeemed, [595].
• Declaration of Independence—Moved in Continental Congress by Va. delegates in conformity with instructions, [12].
  • Debates on that motion, [12], [13], [14], [15], [16], [17].
  • Action thereon, [17], [18].
  • Committee appointed to prepare, [17], [18].
  • Report of Committee, [19].
  • Copy of rough draught of Declaration, [19], [20].
  • Facsimile of rough draught of Declaration, [26].
  • History of circumstances attending the Declaration of Independence, [118].
  • Necessity of separation from mother country, [207].
• Denmark—Claim against for prize money, [461], [489].
  • Money paid, [522].
  • Commercial relations of U. S. with, [571].
• Dumas, M.—His personal standing in France and Holland, [527], [568].
  • Debt due to, [528].
  • His mission to the Hague, [593].

• Eclipse—The eclipse of 1778, [310].
• Education—General system of, [347].
  • Letter of advice from Mr. Jefferson in relation to, [395].
  • Relative advantages of foreign and domestic education, [467].
• England—Commercial treaty with impracticable, [64], [541], [543], [550], [552], [553].
  • Hostile feelings towards U. States, [429], [464], [541], [550], [563], [604].
  • England and France compared, [549].
  • Relations of U. States with, [557], [560], [561], [576].
  • Debt of U. S. to, [563].
  • Incites Indians against our people, [604].
• Entails—Abolition of in Va., [37], [138].
• Episcopal Church—Its first establishment in Virginia, [38].
  • Character of its clergy, [38].
  • Dissenters from in the majority, [38].
  • Its overthrow as the established Church, [39], [174].
  • Resisted by Pendleton and Nicholas, [39].
• Europe—Political condition of, [346], [353], [355], [358], [365], [366], [400], [435], [442], [453], [509], [559], [605].
  • Relations between Emperor and Dutch, [346], [353], [355], [358], [365], [400], [405], [412].
  • Relations between Austria, Russia and Turkey, [400].
  • Mr. Jefferson's views of Europe, [444].

• France—Influence of American Revolution on, [69].
  • Financial embarrassments of, [69].
  • Assembly of Notables convened, [70].
  • They refuse to vote supplies, [70].
  • Constitutional reforms, [71].
  • Abuses of old government, [86].
  • Assembling of States General, [87].
  • Progress of the Revolution, [87].
  • Constitution of States General, [87].
  • Character of King and Queen, [88], [101].
  • Severity of winter of 1788-9, [88].
  • Importation of bread-stuffs from America, [89].
  • Riots, [89], [97].
  • Opening of States General, [90].
  • Early debates and difficulties in organizing, [91].
  • Tiers Etat constitute themselves the National Assembly, [92].
  • Conduct and policy of Court party, [92].
  • Royal session, [94].
  • Popular demonstrations, [94].
  • Disaffection of soldiery, [95].
  • Part of Nobles and Clergy join Tiers Etats, [95].
  • New Constitution for France, [96], [103].
  • Military interference by Government, [96].
  • Mr. Neckar expelled from ministry, [96].
  • The new Court Ministry, [97].
  • Bastile taken, [98].
  • Resignation of Court Ministry and recall of Mr. Neckar, [100].
  • Flight of aristocracy begins, [100].
  • Views on the execution of King and Queen, [101].
  • The Neckar Ministry, [102].
  • Great reforms of National Assembly, [103].
  • Divisions spring up in popular party, [103].
  • Friendly relations between France and U. S., [456].
  • Relations between France and England, [381].
  • England and France compared, [549].
  • Mr. Jefferson's views of French people, [187], [395], [549].
  • Commercial relations with U. S., [378], [386], [491], [499], [561], [567], [586], [589].
• Franklin, Benj.—His views on Articles of Confederation, [31].
  • Visits to from Jefferson, [108].

• Gates, Gen.—His disasters in the South, [241], [249].
  • Supplies for from Virginia, [243], [244], [245], [246], [247], [248], [249], [250], [251], [252], [253], [254], [256], [260], [262], [263], [273], [274], [285], [288], [302], [304].
  • Consolations of Jefferson on his failures, [314].
• Geology—[516].
• Greene, Gen.—His military movements in South, [291], [294], [296], [298], [299], [300], [302], [303], [309].