No substance combines better with salts of copper, than sugar. Sugar, put into the bowl of a tobacco pipe, and placed in the fire, burns fiercely, and is converted into caramel. This, poured on to a plate, slightly smeared with butter, to prevent its sticking, hardens on cooling; and is used for colouring brandy, vinegar, gravy, porter, coffee, &c. Stearine must be scraped very fine from a composite candle.
| Number | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 |
| Chlorate of Potash | 5 | 40 | 18 | 40 | 6 | 8 | 48 | 40 | 24 | 16 | 30 | 24 | 8 | 22 | 40 | 6 | 16 | 24 | 2 | 5 | 40 | 40 |
| Calomel | 4 | 20 | 8 | 28 | 2 | 2 | 12 | 12 | 6 | 8 | 10 | 8 | 1 | 8 | 20 | 3 | 1 | 8 | - | - | - | - |
| Sulphuret of Copper | 4 | 20 | 10 | 28 | - | 2 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 3 | 6 | 25 | 5 | - | - | - | 1 | 20 | 22 |
| Shellac | 1 | 5 | - | - | - | - | 2 | 2 | 1 | - | - | 1 | - | - | 5 | - | - | 1 | - | - | 5 | - |
| Oxychloride of Copper | - | 2 | - | - | - | - | 8 | 9 | 6 | 5 | 10 | 4 | 1 | 2 | - | - | 2 | - | 1 | 1 | - | - |
| Dextrine | - | - | 5 | 10 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 2 | 2 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Sulphur | - | - | - | - | 3 | 4 | 4 | - | 1 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 5 | - | - | 4 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 5 | 5 |
| Stearine | - | - | - | 3 | - | - | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 1 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 3 |
| Black Oxide of Copper | - | - | - | - | 1 | 1 | 1 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Copper-filings | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 5 | - | - | - | - |
| Sal Ammoniac | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 6 | 6 |
| Number | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 |
| Chlorate of Potash | 16 | 8 | 16 | 16 | 24 | 16 | 5 | 16 | 8 | 16 | 25 | 4 | 32 | 6 | 16 | 28 | 32 | 26 | 96 | 8 | 24 | 8 |
| Nitrate of Strontian | 16 | 16 | 32 | 32 | - | 16 | 4 | 24 | 5 | 6 | 30 | 7 | 48 | 5 | - | - | 42 | 10 | 72 | 12 | 18 | 12 |
| Sulphur, washed | 5 | 6 | 9 | 12 | 6 | 5 | 2 | - | 1 | - | 10 | 1 | 6 | - | - | - | 13 | 5 | 24 | 2 | - | 2 |
| Charcoal, fine | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Shellac | - | 1 | 4 | 2 | 2 | - | - | 7 | 1 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 12 | 1 | - | - | 4 | 3 | 21 | 4 | 5 | 3 |
| Calomel | - | - | 7 | - | 6 | 1 | - | 14 | 2 | 2 | 9 | 2 | 12 | 5 | - | 12 | 12 | 10 | 42 | - | - | 4 |
| Sulphure of Copper | - | - | 3 | 1 | - | - | - | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 1 | - | 1 | - | - | 4 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 5 | - |
| Realgar, or Orpiment | - | - | - | - | - | 1 | 1 | 1 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1 | - |
| Vegetable black | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1 | - | 1 | - | - | - | 1 | - | - | - | - | 1 |
| Loaf Sugar | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 7 | 12 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Carbonate of Strontian | - | - | - | - | 10 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 11 | 5 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
It is impossible to powder shellac sufficiently fine, by hand; and, twenty years ago, it could not be procured. About that time the drug-grinders, finding a demand for it, submitted it to the action of the stamping mills, (mechanical pestle and mortar), and now it can be obtained at most shops. Chertier mixed it with salt; melted the two together; powdered the mixture; and washed out the salt. Such process is needless now. It is useless, unless as fine as wheaten flour. Page, of 47, Blackfriars Road; and Chubb, of 29, Old Street, St. Lukes, London, supply it.
| Number | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 |
| Chlorate of Potash | 16 | 8 | 132 | 32 | 144 | 8 | 3 | 1 | - | 16 | 6 | 12 | 16 | 3 | 48 | 22 | 24 | 108 | 24 | 16 |
| Nitrate of Barytes | 16 | 8 | 108 | 54 | 160 | 21 | 2 | - | - | 8 | 7 | 5 | 8 | 3 | 42 | 22 | 32 | 108 | 32 | 48 |
| Chlorate of Barytes | - | - | - | - | - | 3 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 8 | 3 | 4 | 4 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Sulphur, washed | 5 | 4 | 6 | 6 | 4 | 7 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 | - | - | 1 | - | - | - | 10 | 18 | 8 | 12 |
| Charcoal, fine | 1 | 1 | - | - | - | 1 | - | - | - | 1 | - | 1 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1 |
| Sulphuret of Antimony | - | 1 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 2 | - |
| Calomel | - | - | 48 | 27 | 100 | - | - | - | - | - | 5 | 2 | 2 | 2 | - | 10 | - | 48 | - | 8 |
| Shellac | - | - | - | 24 | 12 | 12 | 2 | - | - | - | - | 3 | 4 | - | 7 | 1 | - | 24 | - | 5 |
| Vegetable black | - | - | - | 1 | 1 | 1 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1 | - | - |
| Loaf Sugar | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 5 | - | - | 2 | 7 | 14 | - | - | - | - |
| Salammoniac | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 5 | - | - | - | - | - |
| Orpiment, or Realgar | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 3 | - | 3 | - |
| Sulphuret of Copper | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 2 |
If powdered nitrate of barytes, and shellac crushed by being hammered in a bag, are mixed together, and melted in a pipkin, over the fire, the mixture, when cold, may be reduced to a powder in an iron mortar, with patience. Take Number 6. Weigh out 21 parts nitrate of barytes, and 2 parts of coarsely powdered lac; melt them together; when cold, powder them; and add the other substances in proper proportion. Shellac may be melted with nitrate of strontian, in the same way.
| Number | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 |
| Chlorate of Potash | 8 | 4 | 12 | 16 | 12 | 16 | 4 | 4 | 16 | 3 | 8 | 16 | 16 | 4 | 8 |
| Oxalate of Soda | 3 | 2 | 8 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 5 | - | 1 | - |
| Bicarbonate of Soda | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 3 | - | 3 |
| Nitrate of Strontian | - | - | - | - | - | - | 20 | - | - | - | 16 | - | 4 | - | - |
| Carbonate of Strontian | - | - | - | 3 | 2 | 3 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Nitrate of Barytes | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 4 | 10 | - | - | 3 | - | - |
| Sulphur, washed | - | - | - | 4 | 4 | 4 | - | 1 | 2 | - | 6 | 5 | - | - | - |
| Shellac | 2 | 1 | 3 | - | 1 | 1 | 5 | - | 2 | 3 | 1 | - | 4 | 1 | - |
| Stearine | - | - | - | - | - | 1 | - | - | 1 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Charcoal, fine | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1 | 1 | - | - | - |
| Orpiment, or Realgar | - | - | - | 1 | 1 | 1 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1 |
| Sugar | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1 | 3 |