‘The real revolutionary party, or rather the militant organisation, is recruited from this class of revolutionary leaders.’[[5]]
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[1]
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The detailed Life of Bakunin, promised by Cafiero and Elisée
Reclus in the preface to God and the State, has apparently not yet
been published. Hence the above meagre account of life.
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[2]
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Procés des Anarchistes, p. 97.
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[3]
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Le Procés des Anarchistes, Lyons, 1883.
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[4]
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For the revolutionary movement in Russia under Alexander II. see
Alphons Thun’s Geschichte der revolutionären Bewegungen in Russland.
See also Stepniak’s Underground Russia, and Russia under the Tzars.
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[5]
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Stepniak, Underground Russia, p. 264.
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CHAPTER XI
THE PURIFIED SOCIALISM
We have, in the preceding chapters, sketched the rise and the principles of the leading schools of historic socialism. The history we have reviewed is a most protean one, and very prolific in theories which are more or less akin.
It is easy to trace certain general features of resemblance in the development of socialism. In the experiments conducted by the followers of Saint-Simon, Fourier, and Owen, we see a desire forthwith to create a ready-made and complete socialism, which almost always ended in failure. Louis Blanc and Lassalle agreed in demanding the organisation of society on democratic principles, and the establishment of productive associations by a State thus constituted. The resemblance in type between the community of Owen, the phalange of Fourier, and the free commune of Bakunin is obvious; and it is not going too far to say that all of them have interesting points of analogy with the village community, which has its survival in the Russian mir.