[1] Piles.—There are two kinds of piles, originating from very nearly the same causes. One is called the bleeding piles, the other the blind piles. The piles are small swelled tumors of rather a dark appearance, usually situated on the edge of the anus or fundament. When there is a discharge of blood from these tumors the disease is called bleeding piles; but when there is only a swelling on the edge of the anus, and no bleeding when the bowels are evacuated, the disease is called the blind piles. Both men and women are subject to piles; but women more particularly during the last stages of pregnancy, in which the womb presses on the rectum in relieving the bowels by stool. These tumors can plainly be felt, as they extend up the rectum an inch or more in severe cases. When these tumors burst and bleed, the patient is much relieved; but when the pain is severe, it is apt to produce fever. Many persons are constitutionally subject to this disease through life. It is generally, however, brought on by costiveness, or irregularity in relieving the bowels. Piles are also produced by sedentary habits, by the use of highly seasoned food, by riding a great deal on horseback in hot weather, by want of exercise, and lastly by the use of spirituous liquors to excess. Injections are much prescribed for their relief, and are found to be highly effective.
Turpentine Injection.
Take of spirits of turpentine one half an ounce, to which add the yolk of an egg and three quarters of a pint of warm water. The injection is to be repeated as often as the case may require.
Astringent Injections.
Form I.
Take of powdered nutgalls two and a half drachms, to which add half an ounce of walnut leaves and one quart of water. Boil down to a pint and a half, and strain. This is used in cases of leucorrhœa, or whites, and is esteemed a useful remedy.
Form II.
Take of white oak bark one ounce, to which add two pints of water. Boil to a pint, and strain. This is regarded as an excellent remedy by many eminent physicians in cases of leucorrhœa. (See Vaginal Injections.)
Form III.
Take of alum two and a half drachms, and dissolve in one pint of water. This is frequently used in dysentery.