T.
T̤ĀʿAH (طاعة). Lit. “Obedience.” A word which occurs once in the Qurʾān, [Sūrah iv. 83]: “They say ‘Obedience!’ ” It is an old Arabic word used for the worship and service of God.
TAʿALLUQ (تعلق). Lit. “That which is suspended.” A division or district. A term applied in India to a district including a number of villages, for which a fixed amount of revenue is paid, and the possession of which is hereditary as long as the revenue is paid. These taʿalluqs, or, as they are commonly called, tāluks, are of two kinds: (1) Huẓūrī (from حضور, “the State”), of which the revenue is paid direct to Government; and (2) Maẕkurī (from مذكور, “specified”), of which the revenue is paid through a chief, who thus farms the revenue. The term was introduced to India by the Muslim conquerors.
T̤AʿĀM (طعام). [[FOOD].]
TAʿAWWUẔ (تعوذ). The ejaculation: “I seek refuge from God from the cursed Satan,” which forms part of the Muḥammadan daily prayer. It is called also ʿauẕun bi-ʾllāh. [[PRAYER].]
TABARRUK (تبرك). The commutation for an offering incumbent upon a religious mendicant holding some endowment (waqf).
TABAʿU ʾT-TĀBIʿĪN (تبع التابعين). Lit. “The followers of the followers.” Those who conversed with the Tābiʿūn (which term is used for those who conversed with Companions of Muḥammad). Traditions related by them are received, but are of less authority than those related by persons who had seen the Prophet. [[TRADITIONS].]
T̤ABĪB (طبيب). A doctor of medicine. One who practises at̤-t̤ibb, the “science of medicine.” Ḥakīm (lit. “a philosopher”) is also used to express a medical practitioner.
TĀBIʿŪN (تابعون), pl. of Tābiʿ. Those who conversed with the Associates or companions of Muḥammad. The traditions which they related are of high authority and form part of the Sunnah or traditional law. [[TRADITIONS].]
TABLES OF THE LAW. Arabic Alwāḥ (الواح), pl. of Lauḥ. The giving of the Law to Moses on tables is mentioned in the Qurʾān, [Sūrah vii. 142]: “We wrote for him (Moses) upon tables (alwāḥ) a monition concerning every matter.” But Muslim doctors are not agreed as to the number of the tables. The commentators al-Jalālān say that there were either seven or ten. [[TEN COMMANDMENTS].]