G͟HAẒAB (غـضـب). “Anger,” “wrath.” A word used frequently in the Qurʾān for the wrath of God, e.g. [Sūrah iv. 95]: “God shall be angry with him.”
G͟HĀZĪ (غازى). One who fights in the cause of Islām. A hero; a warrior. One who slays an infidel. It is also a title of distinction conferred by Muslim rulers upon generals and warriors of renown. In the Turkish Empire the title of G͟hāzī implies something similar to our “Field Marshal.” The Prophet is related to have said, “God is sponsor for him who goes forth to fight in the road of God, for His satisfaction and for that of His Prophet. He shall, if he be not killed, return to his home with plunder and rewards. And if he die, his reward is paradise.” (Mishkāt, book xvii. c. 1.)
G͟HAZWAH (غـزوة). A military force when it is led by either an Apostle (Rasūl) or an Imām. A small force commanded by one of the Imām’s lieutenants is a sarīyah, or brigade. (See G͟hiyās̤u ʾl-Lug͟hah, in loco.)
AL-G͟HAZZĀLĪ (الغزالى). Abū Ḥamīd Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad al-G͟hazzālī, is a well known Sunnī doctor surnamed Ḥujjatu ʾl-Islām (“the proof of Islām”). He was a native of T̤ūs, and for some time a professor in the college at Naisāpūr. Born A.H. 450 (A.D. 1058), died A.H. 505 (A.D. 1111), at T̤ūs. His exposition on the nature of God will be found in the article GOD. His great theological work is the Iḥyāʾu ʿUlūmi ʾd-Dīn.
G͟HĪBAH (غـيبة). “Slander; calumny.” Anything whispered of an absent person to his detriment, although it be true. (Buhtān expressing a false accusation.) G͟hībah is condemned in the Qurʾān ([Sūrah xlix. 12]): “O believers, avoid frequent suspicions, for some suspicions are a crime; neither let one of you traduce (g͟hībah) another in his absence.” A chapter is devoted to the condemnation of backbiting and calumny in the Traditions (vide Mishkāt, book xxii. ch. x.)
G͟HIFĀR (غـفـار). An Arabian tribe in the time of Muḥammad who inhabited a tract of country in the vicinity of al-Madīnah. They were descendants of Abū Zarri ʾl-G͟hifārī.
G͟HISHĀWAH (غشاوة). Lit. “A covering.” A dimness in the eye. A word used in the Qurʾān for spiritual blindness. [Sūrah ii. 6]: “Their hearts and their ears hath God sealed up, and over their eyes is a covering.”
G͟HISLĪN (غسلين). The water, blood, and matter, supposed by Muḥammadans to run down the skin and flesh of the damned in hell. See Qurʾān, [Sūrah lxix. 36]: “No friend shall he have here that day, nor food but g͟hislīn.”
G͟HŪL (غول). A man-devouring demon of the woods. A species of Jinn. [[GENII].]
G͟HULĀM (غلام), pl. g͟hilmah. A boy under age. A term used in modern Muslim countries for a slave, the legal word being ʿabd. It occurs in the Qurʾān for a son. [Sūrah iii. 42]: “She (Mary) said, ‘How can I have a son when a man has not touched me?’”