| 1. | Muḥammad. |
| 2. | Abū Bakr. |
| 3. | ʿUmar. |
| 4. | The space for the tomb of Jesus. |
| 5. | Fāt̤imah. |
It is related that Muḥammad prayed that God would not allow his followers to make his tomb an object of idolatrous adoration, and consequently the adoration paid to the tomb at al-Madīnah has been condemned by the Wahhābīs and other Muslim reformers.
In A.D. 1804, when al-Madīnah was taken by the Wahhābīs, their chief, Saʿūd, stripped the tomb of all its valuables, and proclaimed that all prayers and exclamations addressed to it were idolatrous. (See Burton’s Pilgrimage, vol. ii.; Burckhardt’s Arabia and Wahhābīs.)
The garden annexed to the tomb is called ar-Rauẓah, which is a title also given by some writers to the tomb itself.
Abū Dāʾud relates that al-Qāsim the grandson of Abū Bakr came to ʿĀyishah and said, “O Mother, lift up the curtain of the Prophet’s tomb and of his two friends, Abū Bakr and ʿUmar,” and she uncovered the graves, which were neither high nor low, but about one span in height, and were covered with red gravel. (Mishkāt, book v. ch. vi. pt. 2.)
AL-ḤUJURĀT (الـحـجـرات). “Chambers.” The title of the XLIXth Sūrah of the Qurʾān, in which the word occurs.
ḤUKM (حكم), pl. aḥkām. “Order; command; rule; sentence; judgment, of God, or of the prophets, or of a ruler or judge.” It occurs in different senses in the Qurʾān, e.g.:—
[Sūrah iii. 73]: “It beseemeth not a man, that God should give him the Scriptures and the Judgment and the Prophecy, and that then he should say to his followers, ‘Be ye worshippers of me, as well as of God’; but rather, ‘Be ye perfect in things pertaining to God, since ye know the Scriptures and have studied deep.’ ”
(Both Sale and Rodwell translate the word al-ḥukm, “the wisdom,” but Palmer renders it more correctly, “the judgment.”)
[Sūrah xii. 40]: “Judgment is God’s alone: He bids you worship only Him.”