ʿILMU ʾN-NABĀTĀT (علم النباتات). Botany. The knowledge of the use of herbs.
ʿILMU ʾN-NUJŪM (عـلـم النجوم). Astrology. “The science by which are discovered the events both of the present and of the future by means of the position of the stars.” (Kashfu ʾz̤-Z̤unūn, in loco.) [[ASTROLOGY].]
ʿILMU ʾR-RAML (عـلـم الـرمـل). Geomancy. A pretended divination by means of lines on the sand (raml). It is said to have been practised as a miracle by six prophets, viz. Adam, Idrīs, Luqmān, Armiyā (Jeremiah), Shaʿyāʾ (Isaiah), Daniel. (See Kashfu ʾz̤-Z̤unūn, in loco.)
ʿILMU ʾR-RIYĀẒAH (علم الرياضة). Mathematics. The author of the Kashfu ʾz̤-Z̤unūn says the science of Riyāẓah is divided into four sections: 1, handasah, geometry; 2, ḥiʾah, astronomy; 3, ḥisāb, arithmetic; 4, mūsīqā, music.
ʿILMU ʾSH-SHIʿR (علم الشعر). [[POETRY].]
ʿILMU ʾS-SIḤR (علم السحر). The science of magic. [[MAGIC].]
ʿILMU ʾS-SĪMIYĀʾ (علم السيمياء). Natural magic, chiromancy, palmistry.
AL-ʿILMU ʾT̤-T̤ABĪʿĪ (العلم الطبيعى). Natural philosophy.
ʿILMU ʾT-TAJWĪD (علم التجويد), called also ʿIlmu ʾl-Qirāʾah. The science of reading the Qurʾān correctly. The most popular work on the subject is al-Muqaddamatu ʾl-Jazarīyah, by the Shaik͟h Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad al-Jazarī (A.H. 833).
ʿILMU ʾT-TAṢAWWUF (عـلـم التصوف). The mystic or contemplative science. [[SUFIISM].]