It is therefore generally held to be either Allāh, or Hū, or al-Ḥaiy, or al-Qaiyūm.
It is very probable that the mysterious title of the Divine Being refers to the great name of Jehovah, the superstitious reverence for which on the part of the Jews must have been well known to Muḥammad.
ISMU ʾẔ-ẔĀT (اسم الذات). Name of the Divine Essence; the essential name of God, i.e. Allāh, or Hū, as distinguished from His attributes. [[ALLAH].]
IS̤NĀ-ʿASHARĪYAH (اثناعشرية). Lit. “The twelveans.” Those Shīʿahs who acknowledge the twelve Imāms. [[SHIʿAH].]
ISQĀT̤ (اسقاط). [[ABORTION].]
ISRĀ(اسراى). [[MIʿRAJ].]
ISRAEL. Arabic Isrāʾīl (اسرائيل). The surname of Yaʿqūb (Jacob). Al Baiẓāwī says the meaning of Isrāʾīl in Hebrew is Ṣufwatu ʾllāh, i.e. “the sincere friend of God”; or, as some say, ʿAbdu ʾllāh, “the servant of God.” Banū Isrāʾīl, “the children of Israel,” is a term that frequently occurs in the Qurʾān. The XVIIth chapter of the Qurʾān, known as the Sūratu ʾl-Miʿrāj, is also called the Sūratu Banī Isrāʾīl.
ISRĀF (اسراف). Lit. “Wasting.” Extravagance in religious duties, i.e. doing more than is required by the law.
ISRĀFĪL (اسرافيل). The Archangel who will sound the trumpet at the Day of Resurrection. His name, however, does not occur in either the Qurʾān, or the Traditions.
IṢRĀR (اصرار). A word used by the Arabs for a horse pricking up his ears, and not obeying the rein. A term in Muḥammadan theology for persisting in any sin, and being determined to commit the sin in future.