Ar-Rūḥu ʾl-Muḥkam (الروح المحكم), “the resident spirit,” which is said never to leave the body, even after death.
Rūḥu ʾl-Ilqāʾ (روح الالقاء), “the spirit of casting into.” Used for Gabriel and the spirit of prophecy. [[SPIRIT].]
AR-RŪḤU ʾL-AMĪN (الروح الامين). “The faithful spirit.” Occurs in the Qurʾān, [Sūrah xxvi. 193]: “Verily from the Lord of the Worlds hath this book come down; the faithful spirit hath come down with it upon thy heart, that thou mayest become a warner in the clear Arabic tongue.” It is supposed to refer to the Angel Gabriel. [[SPIRIT].]
RŪḤU ʾLLĀH (روح الله). “The Spirit of God.” According to Muḥammad, it is the special Kalimah, or title of Jesus. See the Qurʾān.
Sūratu ʾn-Nisāʾ [(iv.), 169]: “The Messiah, Jesus, the son of Mary, is only an Apostle of God, and His Word, which He conveyed into Mary and a spirit proceeding from Himself.” (Rūḥun min-hu).
Sūratu ʾl-Ambyāʾ [(xxi.), 91]: “Into whom (Mary) we breathed of our spirit.”
Sūratu ʾt-Taḥrīm [(lxvi.), 12]: “Into whose womb we breathed of our spirit.”
It is also used in the Qurʾān for Adam, Sūratu ʾs-Sajdah [(xxxii.), 8]; Sūratu ʾl-Ḥijr [(xv.), 29]; and Sūratu Ṣād [(xxxviii.), 72]; where it is said that God breathed his spirit into Adam, but Adam is never called Rūḥu ʾllāh in any Muḥammadan book. [[SPIRIT], [JESUS].]
RŪḤU ʾL-QUDUS (روح القدس). “The Holy Spirit” (lit. “Spirit of Holiness”). The expression only occurs three times in the Qurʾān:—
[Sūrah ii. 81]: “We gave Jesus the Son of Mary manifest signs and aided him with the Holy Spirit.”