Essays on Darwinism

by Thomas Roscoe Rede Stebbing

INDEX.

• Abiogenesis, note on hypothesis of, [126–132].
• Addison, his opinion about Instinct, [71];
• his description of the brood-hen, [72];
• his account of a hen with brood of ducks, [73];
• on the insensible gradations of species, [74].
• African desert, geological evidence of, [122].
• Anabas scandens, its climbing powers, [28];
• Dr. Day’s opinion thereon, [28], [note].
• Androcles, story of, [82].
• Animal mounds, of Wisconsin, [105].
• Ants, slave-making, [29], [69];
• French philosopher’s account of, [73].
• Artificial selection, part of Natural selection, [16].
• Baboons, warfare of, [69].
• Bacon, Lord, his statement about dogs, [75].
• Barbarism, time required for development of, [57].
• Bees, progress of, in cell-making, [25];
• their accuracy overrated, [69], [86].
• Bennett, Mr. A. W., Mathematical test applied by, [168];
• Review by, [173].
• Birds’ nests, reasoning powers employed in construction of, [69], [86];
• compared with human dwellings, [70];
• use of human manufactures in, [71].
• British Association, exploration of Kent’s cavern by, [109].
• Britons, ancient, condition of, [111].
• Brookes, Henry, story of a lion quoted from, [76].
• Brutes, man’s treatment of, [11], [90];
• opinion that God is the soul of, [71];
• compared with men, [74];
• their moral qualities, [75], [88];
• their laws and constitutions, [77];
• their perceptions and emotions, [80];
• language of scripture about, [84];
• motives of pleasure and pain applied to, [88];
• children compared with, [89].
• Cannibalism, [57];
• of British tribes, [112].
• Caterpillars, resembling twigs, [170].
• Chalk, continuous formation of, [117].
• Civilization, its dependence on language and the art of writing, [88].
• Coal-measures, [119–121], [140].
• Columbus, his opinion of the earth’s spherical form condemned, [60], [148].
• Coquand’s Oysters of the Chalk, Professor Flower’s review of, [145], [165].
• Correlation, [17], [166], [176].
• Creation, sudden, not reconcilable with the order of nature, [25];
• theories of, compared, [32];
• prejudice in favour of its suddenness, [63], [64];
• Biblical theory of, [129].
• Creations, many distinct, not warranted by scripture or science, [20], [116], [135];
• special, for special localities, untenable, [21].
• Danes, ancient, food and weapons of, [104].
• Darwin, his account of the development of his theory, [4];
• his calculation about elephants, [13];
• allusion to his theory of Pangenesis, [33];
• his explanation of the fauna and flora of mountain-tops, [46];
• his account of slave-making ants, [69];
• his treatment of geology, [134];
• his chapter on instinct, [163].
• Darwinism, [3–33];
• obscurely anticipated, [2];
• its supporters, [3];
• prejudice against, [4], [152];
• its bearing on the seeming imperfection of nature, [24];
• inconsistent with a recent universal deluge, [31], [34].
• Dawkins, Mr. W. Boyd, lecture on coal by, [143].
• Dawson, Dr., Acadian Geology, [120], [140].
• Day, Dr., paper by, on the Mud-fish and Anabas scandens, [28].
• Denudation, [143].
• Deucalion’s Flood, argument from rebutted, [150].
• Development, theory of, by whom originated and supported, [4];
• opinion of its absurdity, [6];
• facts and principles necessary to, (variation, [7];
• Inheritance and Reversion, [9];
• struggle for life, [11];
• antiquity of the globe, [30];
• freedom of the globe from any recent universal catastrophe, 31);
• application of, to human body and mind, [62], [95];
• time required for, [122];
• not materially affected by hypothesis of spontaneous generation, [127].
• Ducklings, experiment with, [73].
• Earth, immense age of, required by Theory of Development, [30], [67];
• proved by geology, [31], [54], [107], [121];
• popular impression as to age of, [93], [121];
• reckoned by millions of years, [123].
• Egypt, its monuments, [51];
• its chronology, [56], [101].
• Elephant, its sagacity, [3];
• its rate of breeding, [13];
• its different species, [46];
• its memory, [66];
• epithet applied to it by Pope, [74];
• in Devonshire, [112].
• Esquimaux, their ignorance of arithmetic, [103].
• Flint-tools, [109], [111], [113].
• Flood, the Noachian, [34–61];
• historical account of, [38];
• explanation suggested, [41];
• how consistent with Darwinism, [50];
• traditions of a, [58];
• no traces of its universality, [59].
• Food, its influence on the animal and vegetable kingdoms, [12];
• in the competition for life, [22].
• Fossils, an evidence of variation, [20];
• different in different strata, [116];
• time required for vicissitudes of, [119];
• necessary imperfection of, [134];
• their scarcity and abundance, [141];
• numerous chances of loss and destruction for, [146].
• Fuegians, nakedness of, [112], [note].
• Galileo, his doctrine of the earth’s motion condemned, [60], [148].
• Genesis, book of, its chronology, [55].
• ‘Genesis of Species,’ by Mr. Mivart, [173].
• Geology, its conclusions, [31], [53];
• imperfection of its record, [133–146].
• Giraffes, [176], [179].
• Glacial Period, its effect on distribution of species, [47].
• Gooseberry, the big, [16].
• Horse, career of, in America, [48];
• its endurance and ambition, [3];
• its intelligence, [66];
• instance thereof, [74];
• its intercourse with man, [80].
• Hypotheses, use of, [131].
• Inheritance, [9];
• at different periods of life, [18].
• Instinct, of bees, [25];
• employment and gradations of, in various animals, [28];
• compared with reason, [62–81], [164];
• fallacious theory of, [67];
• ignored by ducklings, [73];
• fancied excellence of, [86].
• Kent’s cavern, [109–115].
• Language, time required for variations of, [57];
• its influence on mankind, [77], [87];
• origin of, [103].
• Light, rapidity of, [97].
• Limestone, formation of, [109];
• contents of, [115];
• slow formation of, [117];
• Devonian, older than the New Red Sandstone, [118].
• Lindley, Dr., his experiment with immersed vegetables, [143].
• Linnæus, on the common descent of species, [3].
• Lion, its generosity, [3];
• instance of its affection, [76];
• instance of its gratitude, [83];
• in Britain, [112].
• Locke, on the reason of brutes, [74].
• Lubbock, Sir John, ‘Prehistoric Times,’ [54], [104], [107], [112];
• ‘Origin of Civilization,’ [107].
• Lyell, Sir Charles, ‘Principles of Geology,’ [3], [54];
• ‘Antiquity of Man,’ [107];
• ‘Elements of Geology,’ [109].
• Madagascar, its species and genera, [46].
• Malay, compared with the Papuan by Mr. Wallace, [49], [150].
• Man, his destructiveness, [11];
• his likeness to other animals in blood, fibre, and skeleton, [29];
• distribution of his varieties, [48];
• traced back for thousands of years, [51];
• a common origin for all families of, [52];
• his chief endowments, [67];
• compared as a builder with birds, [70];
• his brain and hairless skin, [73];
• his bodily structure, [85];
• his opinion of war, [86];
• real origin of, forgotten, [102].
• Marriage-customs, slow change of, [106].
• Marsupials, [46];
• fossil, [47].
• Matlock Bath, formation of stalagmite at, [110], [114].
• Memory, necessary to intelligence, [66];
• unequal distribution of, [66].
• Miracles, treatment of false ones, [40];
• of the Old Testament, [83].
• Mivart, St. George, Mr., ‘Genesis of Species’ by, [173].
• Mushroom, time required for its growth, [55].
• Mygale, the trap-door spider, its ingenious nest, [29].
• Natural Selection, illustrated by artificial selection, [14];
• the slowness of its movement, [18];
• explains the order of nature, and in part its seeming disorder, [26];
• limits of, propounded by Mr. Wallace, [62].
• Nile, articles in sediment of, [108].
• Origin of life, opinions on, [94].
• Oysters, memory of, [66];
• obscure politics of, [77].
• Palæontology, Lyell’s definition of, [135].
• Papuan, compared with the Malay, [49], [150].
• Parfitt, Mr., on Fossil Sponge Spicules, [136], [139].
• Pengelly, Mr., on pre-historic man, [105];
• exploration of Kent’s cavern by, [109], [110], [113].
• Pigeons, subjected to man’s selection, [14], [16], [17].
• Plants, their struggle for food, [12];
• their movements, [28].
• Pope, his epithet for the elephant, [74].
• Reason, progressive development of, in individual minds, [62], [67];
• that of men, one in kind with the intelligence of brutes, [66], [84];
• helps to, [86].
• Relative terms, [97], [171].
• Religion, development of, [64], [90].
• Reversion, [9];
• limits artificial selection, [17].
• Rudimentary organs, [21].
• Sandstone, New Red, [118].
• Savages, question of their degeneracy, [57];
• brain, skin, and voice of, [78].
• Science, not antagonistic to Christian doctrine, [82], [note].
• Scripture, no warrant for distinct creations, [20];
• does not profess to teach Natural Science, [35];
• its use of ordinary language, [36];
• its historical account of the Flood, [38];
• explanation thereof, [41];
• disregard of secondary causes in, [83];
• character of genealogies in, [99];
• mistaken quotation of, [124];
• invidious connection of, with false science, [151];
• supposed opposition between it and Darwinism, [157].
• Species, permanence of, [9];
• some benefited by change of habitat, [21];
• variations of, how advantageous, [27];
• difficulty of collecting all for the Ark, [43];
• distribution of, [45].
• Spencer, Mr. Herbert, his caution about embryonic forms, [19], [note];
• his accurate phrase, ‘Survival of the fittest,’ [154];
• his ‘Principles of Biology,’ [161].
• Sponges, not to be hurried, [117];
• range of in geology, [136];
• final cause of, [138].
• Stalagmite, thickness of in Kent’s cavern, [110];
• time required for forming, [113];
• dates carved upon, [115].
• Stratification, uniform order of, [116], [122].
• Struggle for life, [11];
• great fecundity useful to a species in, [24].
• Sylvia Sutoria, the tailor-bird, its nest, [29].
• Tails, rudimentary, in man, [22], [155].
• Tennyson, language of ‘the Brook’ in, [125].
• Theories, when to be accepted, [18].
• Thought, time required for, [64];
• movement of, depending on language, [87].
• Time, immense duration of, required by the Theory of Natural Selection, [30], [67];
• lapse of, [93–125];
• (see [Earth, age of]);
• inexhaustible, [98], [125].
• Tinière, delta of, [107].
• Tyndal, Professor, on ‘The Minuteness of Waves of Light,’ [97].
• Usher, archbishop, Bible-chronology of, [99], [110].
• Variability, [7];
• objection to, considered, [128].
• Vertebrate, the first, how originated, [158];
• type of, supposed to be connected with cuttle-fish, [161];
• definition of, investigated, [161].
• Vivian, Mr., exploration of Kent’s cavern by, [109].
• Wallace, Mr., his originality recognized, [5];
• his opinion of the limits of Natural Selection, [62];
• his exposure of fallacious views about Instinct, [67];
• his theory of birds’ nests, [69];
• his comparison of birds with men as builders, [70];
• his speculation about the brain of the savage, [78].
• War, in the animal and vegetable kingdoms, [12];
• combination of baboons for, [69];
• comparison of man and other animals engaged in, [86].
• Wasps, their defensive weapon, [25];
• materials used by, [86].
• Whewell, Dr., his remark on Scientific Phraseology, [160].
• Writing, invention of, [103].

Transcriber’s Notes

The cover of this eBook was made by the Transcriber, by combining the original Title Page and the blank green cover provided with the printed book. The result remains in the Public Domain.

Punctuation, hyphenation, and spelling were made consistent when a predominant preference was found in this book; otherwise they were not changed.

Simple typographical errors were corrected; occasional unbalanced quotation marks remedied.

Ambiguous hyphens at the ends of lines were retained.

Footnotes, originally at the bottoms of pages, have been collected and repositioned after the last chapter of the book, just before the Index.

Index not checked for proper alphabetization or correct page references.

Page [3]: “One” was capitalized in “qualified, One, without doubt”.