1881—James A. Garfield and Chester A. Arthur; beating General W. S. Hancock and W. H. English. Arthur succeeded Garfield, after his death from assassination, Sept. 19, 1881, and David Davis is now Acting Vice-President.
1885—Grover Cleveland and Thomas A. Hendricks, who defeated James G. Blaine and John A. Logan.
1889—Benjamin Harrison and Levi P. Morton, who defeated Grover Cleveland and Allen G. Thurman.
NUMBER OF ELECTORAL VOTES TO WHICH EACH STATE HAS BEEN ENTITLED, AT EACH ELECTION, 1789–1880.
| States. | 1789 | 1792 | 1796 | 1800 | 1804 | 1808 | 1812 | 1816 | 1820 | 1824 | 1828 | 1832 | 1836 | 1840 | 1844 | 1848 | 1852 | 1856 | 1860 | 1864 | 1868 | 1872 | 1876 | 1880 |
| Alabama | 3 | 5 | 5 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 8 | 8 | 10 | 10 | 12 | ||||||||
| Arkansas | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 6 | 6 | 7 | ||||||||||||
| California | 4 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 6 | 6 | 8 | ||||||||||||||||
| Colorado | 3 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Connecticut | 7 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 |
| Delaware | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| Florida | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 | |||||||||||||||
| Georgia | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 6 | 6 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 9 | 9 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 9 | 9 | 11 | 11 | 12 |
| Illinois | 3 | 3 | 3 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 9 | 9 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 16 | 16 | 21 | 21 | 22 | ||||||||
| Indiana | 3 | 3 | 5 | 5 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 12 | 12 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 15 | 15 | 15 | |||||||
| Iowa | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 8 | 8 | 11 | 11 | 13 | |||||||||||||||
| Kansas | 3 | 3 | 5 | 5 | 9 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Kentucky | 4 | 4 | 4 | 8 | 8 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 14 | 14 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 11 | 11 | 12 | 12 | 13 | |
| Louisiana | 3 | 3 | 3 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 7 | 8 | 8 | 8 | ||||||
| Maine | 9 | 9 | 9 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 9 | 9 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 6 | ||||||||
| Maryland | 8 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 7 | 7 | 8 | 8 | 8 |
| Massachusetts | 10 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 19 | 19 | 22 | 22 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 12 | 12 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 12 | 12 | 13 | 13 | 14 |
| Michigan | 3 | 3 | 5 | 5 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 8 | 8 | 11 | 11 | 13 | ||||||||||||
| Minnesota | 4 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 7 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Mississippi | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 8 | 8 | 9 | ||||||||
| Missouri | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 7 | 7 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 11 | 11 | 15 | 15 | 16 | ||||||||
| Nebraska | 3 | 3 | 3 | 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Nevada | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | |||||||||||||||||||
| New Hampshire | 5 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 7 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 4 |
| New Jersey | 6 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| New York | 8 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 19 | 19 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 36 | 36 | 42 | 42 | 42 | 36 | 36 | 35 | 35 | 35 | 33 | 33 | 35 | 35 | 36 |
| North Carolina | 7 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 14 | 14 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 11 | 11 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 9 | 9 | 10 | 10 | 11 |
| Ohio | 3 | 3 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 16 | 16 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 21 | 21 | 22 | 22 | 23 | ||||
| Oregon | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Pennsylvania | 10 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 20 | 20 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 28 | 28 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 26 | 26 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 26 | 26 | 29 | 29 | 30 |
| Rhode Island | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| South Carolina | 7 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 10 | 10 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 9 | 9 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 7 | 9 |
| Tennessee | 3 | 3 | 5 | 5 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 11 | 11 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 13 | 13 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 10 | 10 | 12 | 12 | 12 | ||
| Texas | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 6 | 6 | 8 | 8 | 13 | |||||||||||||||
| Vermont | 4 | 4 | 4 | 6 | 6 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 4 | |
| Virginia | 12 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 24 | 24 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 24 | 24 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 17 | 17 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 10 | 10 | 11 | 11 | 12 |
| West Virginia | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 6 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Wisconsin | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 8 | 8 | 10 | 10 | 11 | |||||||||||||||
| Total | 91 | 135 | 138 | 138 | 176 | 176 | 218 | 221 | 235 | 261 | 261 | 288 | 294 | 294 | 275 | 290 | 296 | 296 | 303 | 314 | 317 | 366 | 369 | 401 |
| Number of States | 13 | 15 | 16 | 16 | 17 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 30 | 31 | 31 | 33 | 36 | 37 | 37 | 38 | 38 |
SUPREME COURT OF THE UNITED STATES.
| Chief Justices. | Associate Justices. | State Whence Appointed. | Term of Service. | Years of Service. | Born. | Died. | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | John Jay[[117]] | New York | 1789–1795 | 6 | 1745 | 1829 | |
| John Rutledge[[117]] | South Carolina | 1789–1791 | 2 | 1739 | 1800 | ||
| William Cushing | Massachusetts | 1789–1810 | 21 | 1733 | 1810 | ||
| James Wilson | Pennsylvania | 1789–1798 | 9 | 1742 | 1798 | ||
| John Blair[[117]] | Virginia | 1789–1796 | 7 | 1732 | 1800 | ||
| Robert H. Harrison[[117]] | Maryland | 1789–1790 | 1 | 1745 | 1790 | ||
| James Iredell | North Carolina | 1790–1799 | 9 | 1751 | 1799 | ||
| Thomas Johnson[[117]] | Maryland | 1791–1793 | 2 | 1732 | 1819 | ||
| William Patterson | New Jersey | 1793–1806 | 13 | 1745 | 1806 | ||
| 2 | John Rutledge[[118]] | South Carolina | 1795–1795 | 1739 | 1800 | ||
| Samuel Chase | Maryland | 1796–1811 | 15 | 1741 | 1811 | ||
| 3 | Oliver Ellsworth[[117]] | Connecticut | 1796–1801 | 5 | 1745 | 1807 | |
| Bushr’d Washington | Virginia | 1798–1829 | 31 | 1762 | 1829 | ||
| Alfred Moore[[117]] | North Carolina | 1799–1804 | 5 | 1755 | 1810 | ||
| 4 | John Marshall | Virginia | 1801–1835 | 34 | 1755 | 1835 | |
| William Johnson | South Carolina | 1804–1834 | 30 | 1771 | 1834 | ||
| Brockh’t Livingston | New York | 1806–1823 | 17 | 1757 | 1823 | ||
| Thomas Todd | Kentucky | 1807–1826 | 19 | 1765 | 1826 | ||
| Joseph Story | Massachusetts | 1811–1845 | 34 | 1779 | 1845 | ||
| Gabriel Duval[[117]] | Maryland | 1811–1836 | 25 | 1752 | 1844 | ||
| Smith Thompson | New York | 1823–1845 | 22 | 1767 | 1845 | ||
| Robert Trimble | Kentucky | 1826–1828 | 2 | 1777 | 1828 | ||
| John McLean | Ohio | 1829–1861 | 32 | 1785 | 1861 | ||
| Henry Baldwin | Pennsylvania | 1830–1846 | 16 | 1779 | 1846 | ||
| James M. Wayne[[119]] | Georgia | 1835–1867 | 32 | 1790 | 1867 | ||
| 5 | Roger B. Taney | Maryland | 1836–1864 | 28 | 1777 | 1864 | |
| Philip P. Barbour | Virginia | 1836–1841 | 5 | 1783 | 1841 | ||
| John Catron | Tennessee | 1837–1865 | 28 | 1778 | 1865 | ||
| John McKinley | Alabama | 1837–1852 | 15 | 1780 | 1852 | ||
| Peter V. Daniel | Virginia | 1841–1860 | 19 | 1785 | 1860 | ||
| Samuel Nelson[[117]] | New York | 1845–1872 | 27 | 1792 | 1873 | ||
| Levi Woodbury | New Hampshire | 1845–1851 | 6 | 1789 | 1851 | ||
| Robert C. Grier[[117]] | Pennsylvania | 1846–1869 | 23 | 1794 | 1870 | ||
| Benjamin R. Curtis[[117]] | Massachusetts | 1851–1857 | 6 | 1809 | 1874 | ||
| John A. Campbell[[117]] | Alabama | 1853–1861 | 8 | 1811 | |||
| Nathan Clifford | Maine | 1858– | 1803 | 1881 | |||
| Noah H. Swayne[[117]] | Ohio | 1861– | 1805 | 1881 | |||
| Samuel F. Miller | Iowa | 1862– | 1816 | ||||
| David Davis[[117]] | Illinois | 1862–1877 | 15 | 1815 | |||
| Stephen J. Field | California | 1866– | 1816 | ||||
| 6 | Salmon P. Chase | Ohio | 1864–1873 | 9 | 1808 | 1873 | |
| William Strong[[117]] | Pennsylvania | 1870–1880 | 10 | 1808 | |||
| Joseph P. Bradley | New Jersey | 1870– | 1813 | ||||
| Ward Hunt[[117]] | New York | 1872– | 1811 | ||||
| 7 | Morrison R. Waite | Ohio | 1874–1887 | 13 | 1816 | 1887 | |
| John M. Harlan | Kentucky | 1877– | 1833 | ||||
| William B. Woods | Georgia | 1880– | 1826 | ||||
| Horace Gray | Massachusetts | 1881– | |||||
| Roscoe Conkling[[117]] | New York | 1882– | . | ||||
| Samuel Blatchford | New York | 1882– | |||||
| 8 | Melville W. Fuller | Illinois | 1887– | ||||
| Lucius Q. C. Lamar | Mississippi | 1887– | |||||
| David J. Brewer | Kansas | 1890– |
TOTAL NUMBER OF TROOPS CALLED INTO SERVICE DURING THE REBELLION.[[120]]
The various calls of the President for men were as follows:
| 1861—3 months’ men | 75,000 |
| 1861—3 years’ men | 500,000 |
| 1862—3 years’ men | 300,000 |
| 1862—9 months’ men | 300,000 |
| 1864—3 years’ men, February | 500,000 |
| 1864—3 years’ men, March | 200,000 |
| 1864—3 years’ men, July | 500,000 |
| 1864—3 years’ men, December | 300,000 |
| Total | 2,675,000 |