[111]. Not voting—Mississippi, Texas, and Virginia.
[112]. Seventeen votes rejected, viz.: 3 from Georgia for Horace Greeley (dead), and 8 from Louisiana, and 6 from Arkansas for U. S. Grant.
[113]. Not a Cabinet officer, but a subordinate of the Treasury Department until 1829.
[114]. Naval affairs were under the control of the Secretary of War until a separate Navy Department was organized by Act of April 30th, 1798. The Acts organizing the other Departments were of the following dates: State, September 15th, 1789; Treasury, September 2d, 1789; War, August 7th, 1789. The Attorney-General’s duties were regulated by the Judiciary Act of September 24th, 1789.
[115]. Secretary Windom died Jan. 29, 1891, and was succeeded by Charles Foster, Ohio.
[116]. Candidates from Southern States.
[117]. Resigned.
[118]. Presided one term of the court; appointment not confirmed by the Senate.
[119]. The Supreme Court, at its first session in 1790, consisted of a Chief Justice and five Associates. The number of Associate Justices was increased to six in 1807 by the appointment of Thomas Todd; increased to eight in 1837 by the appointments of John Catron and John McKinley; increased to nine in 1863 by the appointment of Stephen J. Field; decreased to eight on the death of John Catron in 1865; decreased to seven on the death of James M. Wayne in 1867; and again increased to eight in 1870, with a view to get the legal tender decision—a policy for such precedents are found in the governments of England and France.
[120]. These do not include the militia that were brought into service during the various invasions of Lee’s armies into Maryland and Pennsylvania.