Vessels or containers of every conceivable shape have been used as boilers. Many of the older types are now obsolete, but the following are these most commonly used:—

VERTICAL BOILERS.

[61]. Ordinary centre flue boiler. Sometimes the centre flue is surrounded with tubes, as [No. 65].

[62]. Vertical multitubular.

[63]. Vertical boiler, with diagonal tubes and smoke boxes.

[64]. Vertical return-flue.

[65]. “Pot” boiler.

[66]. “Field” boiler; with suspended tubes and internal circulating tubes.

[67]. Vertical egg-end boiler; with spiral flue. Large vertical boilers sometimes have cross flues, or large tubes.

HORIZONTAL BOILERS.