The North-West Amazons: Notes of some months spent among cannibal tribes

by Thomas Whiffen

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THE AMAZON RIVER WITH ITS NORTHERN AFFLUENTS

Compiled from various sources and corrected from observations
BY CAPTAIN THOMAS W. WIFFEN.

Click map for larger version

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INDEX

• Agriculture—
• crops, [104];
• harvest, [193];
• plantations, [103];
• sowing, [104];
• women’s work, [67], [102], [103-4], [105], [131]
• Amazons, legends of, [239-40]
• Animals—
• characteristics, [243-4];
• no domestic, [52], [102];
• scarcity of, [128]
• Agouti, [127];
• ant-bear, [127];
• armadillo, [128];
• bats, [51];
• capybara, [127], [147];
• deer, [128], [147];
• dogs, [102];
• jaguar, [36], [182], [185], [221], [231], [232], [244];
• monkey, [52], [128];
• paca, [127];
• peccary, [128-9], [148];
• tapir, [126-7], [147], [174], [244];
• tiger (see [jaguar])
• Anthropophagy—
• dances, [204-5];
• feasts, [119-23];
• practices, [119];
• reasons for, [120-21], [177]
• Arts and Crafts—
• basket-making, [96-7];
• carving, [91-2], [93], [211-12];
• painting, [91] (see [Ornaments]);
• pottery, [62], [95], [96]
• Bates, Henry Walter, [52], [122], [125], [146], [199], [229], [232], [278], [280]
• Birds, [129];
• shooting, [108], [109];
• condor, [183-4];
• parrots, [129]
• Birth—
• customs, [146-52], [273] (see [Couvade]);
• of twins, [120], [150], [244]
• Boats—
• how made, [100-101];
• canoes, [29], [101], [265];
• rafts, [101], [265]
• Bridges, [28-9]
• Brown, John, [3], [8], [9], [14], [38], [249], [253]
• Burial, [175-7], [224];
• customs, [74], [81], [176], [226]
• Casement, Sir Roger, [234-5], [246]
• Cassava—preparation of, [132-4], [144];
• grater, [99], [131-2];
• squeezer, [98], [132];
• Boro, [98], [132];
• manufacture of, [98-9];
• Witoto, [55], [98-9], [132]
• Cazes, Mr. David, [2]
• Charms, [234]
• Chiefs, [64-5], [67], [71], [193], [200], [244], [257], [258-9];
• death of, [65], [70], [119], [176-177];
• dress of, [71], [73], [76];
• house of, [47], [64];
• influence of, [64];
• wife of, [73], [123], [159], [200-201];
• women of, [64], [159-60], [163];
• Katenere, [63];
• Nonugamue, [63]
• Children, [88], [124-5], [135], [146-58], [208], [236], [257], [269], [276];
• boys, [76], [108], [165];
• capture of, [69-70], [274];
• girls, [68], [157-8], [164-5];
• marriage of, [162];
• stealing by spirits and tigers of, [219-20], [224], [232];
• treatment of, [155-8];
• toys, [93], [108], [156]
• Chorrera, [4], [5], [6], [21]
• Climate, [22-4], [25]
• Clough, R. Stewart, [158]
• Coca, [104], [106], [135], [141-2], [179], [187];
• effects of, [142-3], [264], [277];
• preparation of, [141]
• Couvade, [55], [148], [151-3]
• Crevaux, Dr., [55], [57], [72], [87], [96], [240-41], [276]
• Dances, [Chapter XV.];
• complaints at, [196-7];
• decoration and dress for, [75], [191];
• effect of, [202-3], [204];
• invitation to, [192], [253];
• preparation for, [140], [191-2], [273].
• Varieties—
• animal, [201-2];
• harvest, [193], [199-201], [208];
• initiation, [197-9];
• Jurupari, [157], [158], [198], [212-13];
• riddle, [201-2], [209];
• war, [203-5]
• Dancing-ground, [42], [102], [192], [194]
• Dancing staff, [193-4], [195]
• Dancing steps, [193], [194], [195-6], [203], [204]
• Death, [167], [168], [170], [173], [187];
• how regarded, [61], [175], [178];
• of chief, [65];
• homicide, [118], [171-2];
• infanticide, [146], [149-51], [170-71]
• Deniker, J., [54]
• Depilation, [120], [181-2], [241-2], [273], [281], [282]
• Disease, [168], [178], [186], [229];
• chronic, [170];
• infections, [169], [173];
• mental, [169];
• skin, [174], [175];
• beriberi, [13], [174];
• fever, [173], [188];
• smallpox, [174];
• sun-sickness, [173]
• Divorce, [165-6]
• Dress, [71-6];
• ceremonial, [74];
• travellers’, [15], [16];
• men’s, [72], [73];
• women’s, [72], [79];
• breech-cloth, manufacture of, [73];
• never removed, [74];
• ligatures, [73], [77], [83], [84], [271].
• See [Chief], [Medicine-man], etc.
• Drinks, [101];
• fruit, [104], [139];
• herb, [138], [277];
• intoxicating, [139-41];
• unfermented, [138-9]
• Drugs, [140], [175], [182-3], [187].
• See [Poison], [Snuff], etc.
• Escort, [3], [5], [71];
• management of, [4]
• Field of exploration, [17-18]
• Fire, [48-50], [133], [136];
• by friction, [48];
• method of making unknown, [48];
• plan of, [49], [50]
• Fish, [130-31], [245], [279]
• Fishing, [112];
• nets, [112];
• poison, [113-14];
• spears, [113]
• Floods, [22], [32];
• traditions of, [238-9]
• Folk tales, [221-3], [231], [236-45];
• animal stories, [243-4]
• Food, [50], [126], [128-30], [257];
• difficulty of obtaining, [15], [38];
• eggs not taken for, [130];
• influence of, [121], [147-8];
• preparation of, [68], [105], [135-6];
• scarcity of, [120], [121], [126];
• when eaten, [134-5];
• animal, [128-9];
• peppers, [105], [134];
• pepper-pot, [129], [134], [135-6];
• reptiles, [129];
• salt, [124], [134];
• sauces, [133-4], [139];
• sugar, [104];
• turtles, [129-30];
• vermin, [130].
• See [Cassava], [Fish], [Fruit], etc.
• Forest—
• birds in, [26];
• description of, [26-8];
• depressing influence of, [14], [35-6], [265], [266];
• lost in, [37];
• noises in, [34];
• silence of, [34];
• tracks in, [28];
• travellers’ danger in, [29];
• travelling in, [14], [34-5], [37]
• Fruit, [104], [135], [136-7]
• Games, [157];
• singing, [208-9];
• toys, [93], [108], [156]
• Geophagy, [124-5]
• Hair, [274], [282], [285];
• how worn, [77-8], [274]
• Hammocks, [55];
• how slung, [47], [50];
• made by women, [97-9];
• Witoto, [54], [91]
• Hardenburg, W. E., [62], [88], [149], [163]
• Head hunters, [122]
• Houses—
• private, [47-8], [161];
• temporary, [47];
• tribal—
• Maloka, [40-52];
• construction of, [43];
• light in, [49], [186];
• plan of, [41], [43], [45], [46];
• sites of, [42], [118];
• thatch of, [43-4]
• Hunting, [104], [107-9], [110];
• rights, [112];
• traps, [110-11].
• See [Weapons]
• Igarape Falls, [6]
• Implements—
• household, earthenware, [133];
• human bone, [123-4];
• knives, [94];
• pestle and mortar, [99], [141];
• tools, [95], [214];
• troughs, [99], [140-41]
• im Thurn, Sir Everard, [55], [76], [152], [239], [274]
• Indian—
• beliefs, [Chapter XVII.];
• character, [4], [13], [61], [110], [156], [202], [236], [256-64], [275-6];
• cruelty to infirm, [169-70], [257];
• ethics, [65], [66], [68], [260-62];
• kinship, [67], [244], [276];
• life, [50], [236], [246], [276-7], [278];
• origin not decadent remnants, [54], [264-6];
• physical traits, [269], [Appendices];
• treachery, [4], [258], [259-60];
• types, classification of, [53];
• Neolithic, [94], [266];
• voice, [207], [253-4];
• woodcraft, [106-7]
• Indians, story of white, [240-41]
• Initiation, [157-8], [165];
• dances, [197-9]
• Insects, [30], [52];
• ants, [32], [33], [51], [97];
• beetles, [82];
• bees, [31], [51], [130];
• butterflies and moths, [31-2];
• flies, [30];
• harvest boys, [31];
• jiggers, [51], [173-4], [273];
• lice, [130], [173], [273];
• mosquito, [31], [51];
• pium, [30-31], [51], [173];
• sand-fly, [31];
• spiders, [51];
• ticks, [31], [273];
• wasps, [31], [130]
• Joyce, Thomas A., [238]
• Jurupari, [229], [231].
• See also [Dances]
• Koch-Grünberg, Dr., [46-7], [60], [77], [111], [121], [151], [159], [175], [188], [194], [198], [247], [251], [262], [275], [282]
• Language, [Chapter XIX.];
• drum, [215-216], [253];
• gesture, [251];
• groups, [56], [57], [247]
• Manioc, [68], [104-5], [237-8];
• cultivation of, [104-5], [131];
• preparation of, [98-99], [131-4]
• Map—Witoto, [92-3]
• Markham, Sir Clements, [158]
• Marriage, [60-61], [66-7], [103], [159-67];
• arrangement of, [158], [159-60], [161];
• betrothal, [162];
• ceremonies, [160-164];
• fidelity in, [69], [166-7], [262]
• Medicine-man, [140], [Chapter XIV.], [273];
• dress of, [73], [95], [183];
• functions of, [151], [153], [168-9], [175], [185-6];
• influence of, [64];
• magic powers of, [172], [178], [179-81], [182], [183-4], [185], [186-7], [188-9], [224], [228], [232];
• poison made by, [144], [178-9];
• succession of, [181-2]
• Music, [207-8];
• instruments, [210-17];
• castanets, [213];
• drums, [204], [210], [214-17];
• signal drums, [192], [214-17], [253];
• flutes, [123], [192], [194], [195], [197], [204], [210], [211-12];
• pan-pipes, [192-3], [204], [210-211];
• rattles, [83], [64], [194], [195], [210], [213-14];
• trumpets, [211-12];
• whistles, [194], [212];
• Jurupari, [212-213]
• Names, [56], [244], [248];
• boys’ and girls’, [153];
• not mentioned, [57], [153-4], [220], [226-7], [280]
• Nery, Baron de Santa-Anna, [239]
• Ornaments, [76];
• beaded garlands, [79-80], [81], [191];
• beads, [79-80], [82-3], [213];
• bracelets, [82-3], [213];
• combs, [77-8];
• earrings, [85], [86], [275];
• feather head-dress, [75-6];
• feathers, [76-7], [83], [85], [86], [191];
• labret, [86];
• necklaces, [81], [82], [192];
• nose-pin, [86], [275];
• paint, [87], [192];
• scarification, [66];
• tattoo, [86], [87]
• Orton, James, [279], [280], [281]
• Palms, [30];
• Aeta, [26];
• Astrocaryum, [30];
• Chambiri, [97];
• edible varieties, [137];
• Iriartea ventricosa, [29]
• Poisons, [91], [111], [116-17], [168-9], [219], [259-260];
• preparation of, [144-5], [179]
• Proverbs, [259-60]
• Rainfall, [22]
• Reptiles, [33];
• anaconda, [184], [231];
• boa-constrictor, [36];
• frogs, [129];
• iguana, [129];
• lizard, [184];
• snakes, [129];
• fear of, [30]
• Rice, Hamilton, [97]
• Rivers, Dr. W. H. R., [237], [266]
• Rivers—
• Acre, [11];
• Aiary, [198];
• Amazon, [17], [18], [20], [33];
• fascination of, [17], [205];
• scenery of, [25];
• soil of basin, [24-5];
• Apaporis, [10], [59];
• Avio Parana, [7], [8];
• black water streams, [19];
• Fue, [6];
• Igara Parana, [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [18], [58];
• description of, [20];
• Ira, [58];
• Issa, [5], [17], [19], [24], [31], [58], [173];
• description of, [19], [22];
• fish in, [131];
• Issanna, [140];
• Japura, [6], [8], [11], [12], [17], [18], [33], [58], [70], [73];
• camp on, [5];
• scenery, [22];
• Kahuinari, [7], [11], [13], [31], [58];
• description of, [22];
• journey up, [5];
• Kara Parana, [18], [21];
• Kuemani, [58];
• Miriti, [74];
• Napo, [18], [24], [222];
• houses on, [44];
• trip up, [2];
• Negro, [18], [19], [104], [222];
• Papunya, [8], [20], [58];
• Tapajos, [113];
• Tauauru, [58];
• Tikie, [61];
• Uaupes, [18], [59], [91], [112];
• black water, [19];
• description of, [18-19];
• houses on, [46];
• proposed journey up, [1], [2], [13];
• Wama, [58];
• white water streams, [19]
• Robuchon, Eugene, [20], [31], [46], [65], [86], [88], [89], [99], [119], [122], [123], [163], [210], [270], [272];
• deserted by carriers, [7], [8];
• disappearance of, [5-12];
• dog “Othello,” [7], [8], [10], [11];
• last camp of, [9], [10];
• last message from, [8];
• previously lost, [11];
• relief expedition, [8], [11];
• survivors of, [6]
• Route, [2], [3], [5], [8], [9], [10], [13]
• Rubber—
• Belt, [3], [4], [11], [40], [72], [80], [91], [101], [174], [257];
• gatherers, [2], [3], [48], [63-4]
• Simson, Alfred, [243], [250]
• Slaves, [5], [69-70], [124], [170], [263], [273].
• See [Tribes, Maku]
• Snuff, [143], [179]
• Songs, [190], [196-7], [199-201], [206-10];
• meaning of words lost, [190], [207-8]
• Spelling, [57], [248-9]
• Spines, [30], [35];
• used for combs, [77]
• Spirits, [92], [Chapter XVII.];
• evil, [179], [185], [186], [218], [219-20], [223-5], [228-9], [233];
• Good, [218-19], [221], [223], [224-5], [226];
• appeared to man, [93], [221-3], [237-8];
• land of, [225-6];
• return of, [172], [176], [177], [182], [224-7];
• transmigratory, [224-5], [227-8]
• Spruce, Richard, [19], [32], [33], [99], [101], [128], [140], [188], [238], [240], [244], [280]
• Stone—
• absence of, [20], [24], [94], [265];
• found at Chorrera, [21];
• axes, [94], [260];
• magic stones, [163], [184]
• Tabu, [90], [243];
• birth, [121];
• coca, [68], [105], [143], [152];
• food, [121], [135], [147-148], [152], [155], [243-4];
• medicine-man’s, [162];
• removal of, [180];
• tobacco, [68], [105], [143-4];
• women’s, [68], [105], [123], [135], [140], [143-4], [147-8], [165], [197], [212-13], [240], [244]
• Teeth, [275];
• necklaces of human, [81], [124];
• painted black, [88]
• Theft, [171]
• Tobacco, [104], [105], [187];
• ceremonial licking, [153], [163], [221], [259];
• drinking, [65-6], [179];
• not smoked, [143], [158];
• preparation of, [143-4].
• See [Tabu]
• Tobacco palaver, [46], [64], [65-6], [117], [165], [197], [222]
• Tobacco pot, [65], [144], [259]
• Trade, [61-2], [79], [91], [105-6], [108], [134], [144], [164], [217]
• Travelling in bush, [14], [15], [258-9];
• dress, [75];
• equipment, [15-16]
• Tree-climbing, method of, [106]
• Tribal Council, [65];
• house (see [Houses, Maloka]);
• marks, [61], [66], [158];
• signals, [253];
• system, [62-5]
• Tribes, [54], [56], [57], [58], [256];
• localities changing, [59], [62]
• Aiary, [198]
• Akaroa, [247]
• Andoke, [132], [133], [157], [162], [231], [273];
• appearance of, [60], [269], [275];
• cannibals, [120];
• character, [257], [259], [277];
• chief, [5], [65];
• country of, [5], [58], [201];
• dress of, [78];
• language of, [14], [248];
• manufactures, [108];
• medicine-man, [73], [95], [178], [179], [182], [183], [184];
• ornaments, [88], [89];
• statistics, [59], [247]
• Apaporis, [74], [75], [116], [158], [175]
• Arekaine, [120]
• Arawak, [54]
• Auhishiri, [60]
• Bara, [59], [61], [108], [140], [157], [188], [282];
• statistics, [247]
• Boro, [55], [56], [71], [104], [112], [127], [132], [133], [152], [153], [154], [162], [178], [216], [276];
• appearance of, [58], [60], [61], [77], [269], [271], [274-5], [282];
• beliefs of, [230-31], [234];
• cannibals, [119];
• character, [277];
• chief, [63], [197];
• dances, [194], [199-201];
• dress, [75], [78], [83], [84];
• folk-tales, [221-2], [241-2], [244];
• houses, [44], [48];
• language, [14], [220], [221], [247], [248], [251], [252], [253], and [Appendices];
• localities, [58];
• manufactures, [91], [96], [108];
• ornaments, [82], [85], [86];
• statistics, [59], [247];
• tribal marks, [87];
• tribes, [9], [11], [12], [62];
• women, [149]
• Botocudo, [129]
• Carib, [54]
• Catanixi, [101]
• Chepei, [6]
• Cobeu, [120]
• Coto, [58]
• Issa, [79], [124]
• Issanna, [140], [160]
• Japura, [59], [60], [75], [79], [116], [124]
• Jivaro, [115-16], [122], [158]
• Karahone, [55], [57], [61], [140], [174-5], [178];
• appearance, [269], [274], [282];
• character, [257-8], [259-60];
• dress, [74], [77];
• manufactures, [96];
• ornaments, [87];
• poisons made by, [91], [111], [118], [144], [168], [259-60];
• slave boy, [5], [273];
• statistics, [59], [62], [247];
• women, [80]
• Kuretu, [104], [139], [140], [147], [150], [164], [176], [226];
• appearance, [275], [281], [282];
• character, [60];
• country, [59], [75];
• dress, [75];
• houses, [48];
• language-group, [58-9];
• ornaments, [84], [86];
• statistics, [247]
• Maku, [60], [61], [257], [262];
• appearance, [269];
• country, [59], [70];
• slaves, [70]
• Makuna, country, [75];
• dress, [75], [77];
• houses, [44];
• ornaments, [86];
• statistics, [247]
• Menimehe, [10], [56], [61], [75], [115], [139], [140], [143], [144], [276];
• appearance, [273], [274], [283], [284];
• beehives made by, [51], [130];
• character, [11];
• country, [11], [58], [74];
• dress, [74], [76];
• language, [247], [248];
• monkeys kept by, [52];
• ornaments, [86];
• pottery, [62], [91], [95];
• shooting fish, [113];
• statistics, [59], [247];
• tribal marks, [61], [86], [158];
• weapons, [95], [115], [116], [117], [194];
• women, [10]
• Muenane, [56], [61], [235];
• appearance, [77], [282];
• character, [277];
• country, [8], [63], [201];
• dance, [201], [208-9];
• language, [247], [248];
• ornaments, [86], [275];
• statistics, [59], [247]
• Napo, [58], [60], [74], [76], [82], [85], [112], [113], [116], [140], [174], [175], [211], [217]
• Nonuya, [56];
• character, [277];
• chief, [63];
• country, [58], [63];
• dress, [76];
• houses, [44], [46];
• language, [248];
• statistics, [59], [247]
• Okaina, [56], [60], [99], [132], [188], [216], [235];
• appearance, [269], [275], [282];
• country, [56];
• dances, [194];
• dress, [81], [83];
• language, [248];
• ornaments, [89];
• statistics, [59], [247];
• tribes, [62]
• Opaina, [59];
• country, [74];
• dress, [75];
• statistics, [247]
• Orahone, country, [58];
• dress, [74];
• houses, [46];
• medicine-man, [73], [183];
• name, [58], [85];
• ornaments, [85], [88]
• Orahone, [60]
• Ouayana, [241]
• Pegua, [247]
• Piohe, [60]
• Resigero, [60], [61], [132];
• appearance, [274], [282], [283], [284];
• baskets for ants, [97];
• cannibals, [120];
• character, [277];
• chief, [63-4];
• country, [8], [58], [63], [201];
• dress, [77];
• language, [248];
• ornaments, [86];
• statistics, [59], [247]
• Rio Negro, [140], [221]
• Roucouyennes, [57]
• Saha, [247]
• Saka, [86]
• Tapajos, [113]
• Tikie, [61], [104], [111], [147], [159], [194], [247], [270], [274], [275]
• Tukana, [59], [61], [112], [135], [194], [195], [213], [234], [247], [270], [274], [275], [282]
• Tureka, [194]
• Turuka, [191], [194], [196]
• Tutapishco, [58]
• Tuyuka, [86], [143], [151], [254], [282];
• houses, [47]
• Uacarra, [161]
• Uaenambeu, [160]
• Uaupes, [59], [76], [85], [116], [140], [143], [188], [198], [244], [248]
• Umaua, [74], [247]
• Witoto, [54], [55], [56], [57], [61], [71], [104], [115], [126], [132], [133], [151], [152], [153], [162], [178], [211], [231], [235];
• appearance, [58], [60], [269], [270], [271], [274], [282];
• arts, [92], [93];
• character, [277];
• country, [58];
• dance, [209-10];
• dress, [76], [63], [84];
• fishing, [112], [113];
• houses, [44], [46], [48];
• language, [14], [72], [220], [221], [248], [250], [251], [252], [253];
• language-group, [56], [247];
• manufactures, [91];
• ornaments, [82], [86], [88], [89];
• statistics, [59], [60], [62], [247];
• tribes, [6], [62], [93];
• tree venerated by, [233];
• women, [3], [149], [155], [223], [260], [275]
• Yahabana, [84], [86]
• Yahua, [247]
• Yahuna, [10], [116], [143], [194], [247]
• Yakuna, [86]
• Yuri, [56], [247]
• Zaparo, [226]
• Tylor, E. B., [152], [264]
• Vampires, [51-2]
• Vegetable life, [24-5], [26], [104], [130], [131]
• von Martius, Dr., [57], [264]
• Wallace, Dr. Russell, [1], [19], [44], [46], [60], [91], [101], [121], [134], [158], [160], [161], [197], [240], [275], [280]
• War, [61], [62], [117-19];
• blood feuds, [61];
• causes, [61];
• dance, [203-5];
• defensive, [5], [14], [118];
• dress, [74];
• preparations for, [5], [185];
• prisoners in, [118-19], [120-21], [159-60];
• strategy, [117]
• Waterton, Charles, [181]
• Weapons, [16], [115];
• arrows and darts, [109], [115-17], [145];
• blow-pipes, [91], [107], [108-9];
• club, [115], [116], [194];
• fish-spears, [113];
• guns, [91], [115];
• javelins, [111], [113], [115], [116], [145];
• shields, [115], [119];
• swords, [115], [116], [260];
• traps, [110-11], [118]
• Women, [47], [51], [67-9], [195];
• behaviour of, [262];
• duties and work of, [90-91], [95], [96], [97], [98], [102], [134], [173-4], [263];
• mothers, [147-55];
• physical traits, [271-2], [282];
• position of, [135], [159-160], [161], [164-5], [166], [240];
• prostitutes, [159-60], [167];
• widows, [167]

THE END