A Military Dictionary and Gazetteer / Comprising ancient and modern military technical terms, historical accounts of all North American Indians, as well as ancient warlike tribes; also notices of battles from the earliest period to the present time, with a concise explanation of terms used in heraldry and the offices thereof. The work also gives valuable geographical information. Compiled from the best authorities of all nations. With an appendix containing the Articles of war, etc.

by Thomas Wilhelm

Art. 124. Officers of the militia of the several States, when called into the service of the United States, shall on all detachments, courts-martial, and other duty wherein they may be employed in conjunction with the regular or volunteer forces of the United States, take rank next after all officers of the like grade in said regular or volunteer forces, notwithstanding the commissions of such militia officers may be older than the commissions of the said officers of the regular or volunteer forces of the United States.

Art. 125. In case of the death of any officer, the major of his regiment, or the officer doing the major’s duty, or the second officer in command at any post or garrison, as the case may be, shall immediately secure all his effects then in camp or quarters, and shall make, and transmit to the office of the Department of War, an inventory thereof.

Art. 126. In case of the death of any soldier, the commanding officer of his troop, battery, or company shall immediately secure all his effects then in camp or quarters, and shall, in the presence of two other officers, make an inventory thereof, which he shall transmit to the office of the Department of War.

Art. 127. Officers charged with the care of the effects of deceased officers or soldiers shall account for and deliver the same, or the proceeds thereof, to the legal representatives of such deceased officers or soldiers. And no officer so charged shall be permitted to quit the regiment or post until he has deposited in the hands of the commanding officer all the effects of such deceased officers or soldiers not so accounted for and delivered.

Art. 128. The foregoing articles shall be read and published, once in every six months, to every garrison, regiment, troop, or company in the service of the United States, and shall be duly observed and obeyed by all officers and soldiers in said service.

Sec. 1343. All persons who, in time of war, or of rebellion against the supreme authority of the United States, shall be found lurking or acting as spies, in or about any of the fortifications, posts, quarters, or encampments of any of the armies of the United States, or elsewhere, shall be triable by a general court-martial, or by a military commission, and shall, on conviction thereof, suffer death.

INDEX TO ILLUSTRATIONS

(For description of Illustrations, see body of work.)

• PLATE
• Abatis, [1]
• Acinace, [1]
• Aillettes, [1]
• Aiming kneeling, [1]
• Aiming, with an overhead rest, [1]
• Aiming, sand-bag rest, [1]
• Alman-rivets, [1]
• Amazon, [29]
• Ambulance, [1]
• American Indians, [28]
• Amusette, [1]
• Anlace, [1]
• Aparejo, [1]
• Aqueduct, [1]
• Arbalest, [1]
• Blocks and Tackles, [3]
• Blood-hound, [3]
• Blunderbuss, [1]
• Bombs, [3]
• Bomb-proof, [3]
• Boomerang, [3]
• Bourguignote, [3]
• Bracconière, [3]
• Braquemurt, [3]
• Brassard, [3]
• Breech-sight, [3]
• Bridge (read Bateau bridge), [3]
• Bridge, Trestle, [2]
• Bridge, Trestle, [2]
• Bridge, Trestle, [2]
• Bridge, Lashing for Trestle, [2]
• Bridge, Frame, [2]
• Bridge, Frame, [2]
• Bridge, Sling, [2]
• Bridge, Tension, [2]
• Bridge, Suspension, [2]
• Bridge, Suspension, [2]
• Bridges, Holdfasts for, [2]
• Bridle, [2]
• Brigantes, [26]
• Broadsword, [1]
• Bucklers, [2]
• Bugle, [3]
• Bullet-proof Gate, [2]
• Busby, [1]
• Buskin, [3]
• Cabasset, [5]
• Caligæ, [4]
• Caltrop, [5]
• Calumet, or Pipe of Peace, [19]
• Candjiar Turc, [5]
• Canister, [5]
• Canonnier (Louis XIV.), [26]
• Canteen, [5]
• Caparison, [29]
• Carabineer (Louis XIV.), France, [31]
• Carabineer, Italy, [28]
• Carbine, 17th Century, [4]
• Carreau, [5]
• Cartridge, [5]
• Cartridge-box, [5]
• Casemate, [3]-[4]
• Casque, [5]
• Lacedæmonian, [5]
• Boetian, [5]
• Athenian, [5]
• Of the Dacia, [5]
• Of the Dacia (Infantry), [5]
• Of the Dacia (Cavalry), [5]
• French (Cuirassier of the Guard), [5]
• French (Carabineer), [5]
• French (Dragoon of the Line), [5]
• Casse-tête, [4]
• Castellated, [5]
• Castle, [4]
• Catapult, [5]
• Catapulta, [5]
• Cat-o’-nine-tails, [5]
• Cavalry, 18th Century (France), [32]
• Bavaria, [32]
• United States, [31]
• Greek (Ancient), [31]
• Regular (China), [31]
• Roman, [29]
• Chain-shot, [5]
• Chapeau Bras, [5]
• Chapeau (Henry II.), [5]
• Chapeau (Henry III.), [5]
• Chapeau (François I.), [5]
• Chapeau (Louis XV.), [5]
• Chapeau (Louis XIV.), [5]
• Chapeau (Louis XIII.), [5]
• Chasseur, Bavaria, [28]
• Chasseur, Tyrolean (Austria), [28]
• Foot, 1862 (France), [27]
• Foot (Louis XV.), [27]
• Algerian, [30]
• Of the Guard, Mounted (France, 1802), [31]
• Cheval-de-frise, [4]
• Cimeterre, [4]
• Cimier, [5]
• Claymore, [5]
• Clunaculum, [4]
• Cnémides, [4]
• Coat of Mail, [5]
• Coat of Mail, [4]
• Colletin, [5]
• Colors, [4]
• Corium, [5]
• Cornet, Light Cavalry (Louis XIII.), [30]
• Corselet, [5]
• Cossack, [30]
• Crèaneaux, [4]
• Cross-bow, [5]
• Crown, Mural, [5]
• Crows-foot, [5]
• Cuirass, [5]
• Cuirassier (Prussia), [32]
• Cutlass, [5]
• Dagger, [4]
• Daggers, [4]
• Dagues (cut next to Device), [4]
• Dangerous Space, [4]
• Dart, [4]
• Decoration, [4]
• Device, [4]
• Diameter, [4]
• Donjon, [4]
• Dragoon, Sepoy, [27]
• Switzerland, [32]
• Austria, [32]
• Drawbridge, [4]
• Drum, [4]
• Drum-Major, French Guards (1786), [27]
• Of the Grenadiers of the Guard, France, 1813, [27]
• Eagles, Roman, [6]
• Echaugette, [4]
• Ecu, [4]
• Embrasures, [4]
• Embrasures, [6]
• Embrasure Lining, [6]
• Entanglement, Wire, [6]
• Epaulette, [4]
• Escarp, [6]
• Espadon, [6]
• Espingole, [4]
• Falarique, [6]
• Fantassin (Japan), [28]
• Fantassin of the Nizam, [28]
• Japan, [28]
• Fasces, [6]
• Fascine, [6]
• Fascine Blind, [6]
• Fascine Choker, [7]
• Fascine Trestle, [7]
• Fascine, Withe for, [7]
• Fire-arrow, [6]
• Fire-ball, [6]
• Fleaux d’Armes, [23]
• Fleches, [9]
• Foil, [6]
• Foot Artillery, Line (France), [27]
• Fortification—Trenches, [6]
• Gun Pit, [6]
• Military Pits, [6]
• Defense (Hedges), [6]
• Defense (Screen), [6]
• Defense (Walls), [6]
• Defense (Wall), [7]
• Defense (Stockades), [7]
• Fraises, [6]
• Fascine Revetment, [6]
• Fascine Revetment, [7]
• Gabion Revetment, [6]
• Gabion Revetment, [7]
• Sod Revetment, [7]
• Brushwood Revetment, [7]
• Sand-bag Revetment, [7]
• Fascine Stockade, [7]
• Log Stockade, [7]
• Log Loop-hole, [7]
• Brushwood Loop-hole, [7]
• Sand-bag Loop-hole, [7]
• Breastwork, [7]
• Hurdles, [7]
• Fascines, [7]
• Logs, [7]
• Gun or Gatling-port in Stockade, [7]
• Palisades, [7]
• Palisade, [18]
• Profile, [7]
• Lunette, [7]
• Shell-proof, [9]
• Field-works, [7]
• Field-works, [8]
• Ditch, Glacis, Parapet, and Trench, [8]
• Bastioned Fort, [8]
• Star Fort, [8]
• Crémaillère, [8]
• Lunette (Defense of Bridge), [8]
• Splinter-proof, [8]
• Traverse, [8]
• One gun “en barbette” on straight parapet, [8]
• Keep, [8]
• Gabionnade, [23]
• Gun-bank, [8]
• Field Casemate, [8]
• Earthen Retrenchment, [9]
• Tambour, [9]
• Tambour, [9]
• Caponniere, [9]
• Shoulder Caponniere, [8]
• Machicolation, [13]
• Machicolation, [23]
• Magazine, [8]
• Magazine, Plan of, [8]
• Magazine in a Traverse, [9]
• Escarp Gallery, [8]
• Parallels, [23]
• Francisques, [6]
• Friction Tube, [6]
• Fusileer, Mounted (Louis XIII.), [31]
• Fusils, Indien, [9]
• Fusils, Marocain, [9]
• Fuze, Bormann-, [6]
• Fuze, German Time-, [6]
• Fuze, Percussion-, [6]
• Fuze, Percussion- (English G. S.), [6]
• Fuze, Percussion- (English G. S.), [6]
• Fuze, Swiss Combination, [6]
• Fuze, Time-, [6]
• Fuze, Time-, [6]
• Gabion, [7]
• Gabion Knife, [7]
• Gabionnade, [23]
• Gadling, [9]
• Garter, Collar of, [9]
• Garter, Star of, [9]
• Gauntlet, [9]
• Gendarme, 1453, [29]
• Gendarme, Foot, 1824 (France), [27]
• Gladiator, [9]
• Gong, [9]
• Gorget, [9]
• Grape, [9]
• Grenade and Fuze, [9]
• Grenadier, [9]
• Grenadier, Belgium, [28]
• England, 1690, [26]
• Guide, Belgium, [32]
• Guillotine, [9]
• Guisarme, [9]
• Haches d’Armes, [9]
• Halberdier, 1534, [26]
• Halberds, [10]
• Hand Sling-cart, [23]
• Handspike, Manœuvring, [9]
• Hauberk, [9]
• Hausse, Pendulum, [18]
• Haversack, [9]
• Head-piece, [5]
• Helmet, Barred, [5]
• Helmet, U. S., [5]
• Heraldry, [10]
• Eagle Recursant, [10]
• Fanciful variations of the Shield, [10]
• Fleur-de-lis, [10]
• Inescutcheon, [10]
• Lion Statant, [11]
• Lozenge, [11]
• Norman Shield, [11]
• Pale, [10]
• Paly, [10]
• Party per Pale, [10]
• Passant, [10]
• Patee, [10]
• Pheon, [10]
• Pile, [10]
• Pomme, [10]
• Quartered Arms, [10]
• Raguled, [10]
• Rampant, [10]
• Rampant Gardant, [10]
• Rampant Regardant, [10]
• Regardant, [10]
• Respectant, [10]
• Roundel, [10]
• Sable, [10]
• Salient, [10]
• Saltire, [11]
• Sejant, [11]
• Spread eagle, [11]
• Supporters, [11]
• Surmounted, [11]
• Tressure, [11]
• Herisson, [9]
• Herse, [10]
• Heuses, [10]
• Highlander, Scots (England), [28]
• Holdfasts, [19]
• Homme d’Armes, Lancer (1610), [29]
• Hoplitai, [25]
• Hoqueton, [10]
• Horse, [10]
• Horse and Harness, Artillery, [10]
• Horse Guard (England), [32]
• Hulans, 1745, [31]
• Hurdle, [7]
• Hussar, Belgium, [30]
• France, 1796 (Chamborin’s), [32]
• Implements, Artillery, [11]
• Ladle, [11]
• Lifting-jack, [11]
• Lifting-jack, [11]
• Lifting-jacks, [11]
• Pass-box, [11]
• Rammer, [11]
• Sponge and Rammer, [11]
• Springhead (Sponge), [11]
• Worm, [11]
• Infantry, 1572 (Charles IX.), [25]
• Louis XIV., [25]
• Negro (Brazil), [28]
• Of the Line (Austria), [28]
• Of the Line (Russia), [28]
• Of the Guard (Morocco), [28]
• Regular (Persia), [28]
• Tiger (China), [28]
• U. S. Foot-soldier, 1870, [27]
• Jack-boot, [11]
• Jambeaux (Ancient and Modern), [28]
• Jambes, [11]
• Javelins, [11]
• Joan of Arc, [25]
• Jupon, [11]
• Kalmuck, [30]
• Kettle-drum, [12]
• Knapsack, [12]
• Knight in Full Armor, [12]
• Knighthood, Conferring, [12]
• Knots, Hitches, Splices, etc., [11]
• Anchor Knot, [11]
• Becket Knot, [11]
• Bight, [11]
• Bight, [11]
• Blackwall, [11]
• Bowline, [11]
• Cable-laid Rope, [11]
• Capstan or Prolonge Knot, [11]
• Carrick Bend, [11]
• Catspaw, [11]
• Fisherman’s Bend, [11]
• Granny, [11]
• Grommet, [11]
• Hawser-laid Rope, [11]
• Hitch, Clove, [11]
• Hitch, Timber, [11]
• Hitch, Marlinespike, [11]
• Hitches, Two Half, [11]
• Hitches, Two Half, and a Round Turn, [11]
• Mooring Knot, [11]
• Nipper or Rack Lashing, [11]
• Parceling a Rope, [11]
• Pointing a Rope, [11]
• Rolling, [11]
• Sheet Bend, [11]
• Seizing a Rope, [11]
• Serving a Rope, [11]
• Sheepshank, [11]
• Splice, Eye, [11]
• Splice, Short, [11]
• Splice, Long, [11]
• Square, [11]
• Strap, [11]
• Whipping a Rope, [11]
• Worming a Rope, [11]
• Kriss, [12]
• Labarum, [12]
• Lancer (Egypt), [32]
• Lances, [13]
• Lances, Ancient, [23]
• Lansquenet, [26]
• Lanyard, Handle, and Hook, [12]
• Lashing and Slinging, [12]
• Lashing, [12]
• Lashing, Shear, [12]
• Slinging, Barrel, [12]
• Legatus, [25]
• Litters, [12]
• Army Regulation Two-horse Litter, [13]
• British Crimean Cacolet, [12]
• British Army Mule-litter, [12]
• French Litter unfolded, [12]
• Litter, [13]
• Litter of poles and raw-hide, [12]
• Lord and Baine’s Horse-litter, [12]
• Splint of willow-twigs united by buckskin thongs, [13]
• Two-horse Litter of the, 16th Century, [13]
• Wounded Soldier on a “Travail”, [12]
• Wounded Soldier conveyed on a Double-mule Litter, [13]
• Lochaber-axe, [12]
• Machette, [14]
• Machicolations, [13], [23]
• Maiden, [13]
• Mameluke Guards, [30]
• Mangonneau, [13]
• Manipule, [13]
• Mantelet, Ancient, [12]
• Mantelet, Gun, [13]
• Mantelet, Rope, [13]
• Maréchausée (France, 1786), [30]
• Marine of the Guard, 1804 (France), [27]
• Mars, [14]
• Marteau d’Armes, [14]
• Martello Tower (U. S., 1780), [13]
• Marteis-de-fer, [13]
• Masses d’Armes, [13]
• Mattock, [13]
• Merlons, [13]
• Miner, 1786 (England), [26]
• Minié-ball, [13]
• Mining, [24]
• Shaft with Cases, [24]
• Shaft with Frames, [24]
• Shaft, Hard Soil, [24]
• Galleries, Hard Soil, [24]
• False Frames, Use of, [24]
• Detonator, No. 5, [24]
• Detonator, No. 8, [24]
• Detonator, No. 9, [24]
• Detonator, No. 10, [24]
• Detonator, No. 13, [24]
• Fuze No. 1, [24]
• Fuze, Instantaneous (Bickford’s), [24]
• Tube, No. 4, [24]
• Fuzes in pairs, coupling up, [24]
• Fuzes in Powder-bag, Insertion of, [24]
• Quantity Dynamo-Electric Machine, [24]
• Circuit, Continuous, [24]
• Circuit, Simple, [24]
• Commencement of Three Way Joint, [24]
• Tube, Flexible, [24]
• Tube, Tin, [24]
• Miner’s Pick, [24]
• Push Pick, [24]
• Miner’s Shovel, [24]
• Miner’s Truck, [24]
• Candle-stick, [24]
• Bucket, [24]
• Bellows, [24]
• Spark Measurer, [24]
• Miquelet, [27]
• Mole, [13]
• Morion, [13]
• Musculas, 14th Century, [23]
• National Guard (Mexico), [28]
• Officer of the Guard (Prussia), [28]
• Ordnance, [14]
• Armstrong Gun (8-inch), [14]
• Cannon, 15th Century, [14]
• Cannon, 16th Century, [14]
• Cannon, 17th Century, [14]
• Carronade, [13]
• Caisson and Body, [17]
• Caisson and Limber, [15]
• Field-gun and Carriage, German, [15]
• Field-gun and Carriage, Swedish, [15]
• Forge and Body, Traveling-, [17]
• Flank Casemate-carriage, [15]
• Gatling Gun, [14]
• Gatling Gun on Cavalry Cart, [14]
• Gin, [15]
• Gun-lifts, [15]
• Gunner’s Quadrant, [17]
• Howitzer, [15]
• Howitzer and Carriage, Siege-, [14]
• Howitzer, German, [15]
• Krupp, 12-inch Gun and Carriage, [16]
• Limber, [17]
• Mortar, [14]
• Mortar, Coehorn, [14]
• Mortar, Russian, [14]
• Mortar and Carriage, Austrian, [14]
• Mortar and Carriage, Krupp, [15]
• Mortar-wagon, [16]
• Mortars, Pointing, [23]
• Sea-coast Carriage, [15]
• Shears, [16]
• Siege-gun-carriage, [15]
• Siege-gun and Carriage, [15]
• Siege-carriage, Austrian, [14]
• Sling-cart, [15]
• Sling-cart, Hand, [23]
• Star-gauge, [17]
• Truck Wagon, [14]
• Truck, Casemate, [15]
• Ball, U. S. Rifle, [15]
• Ball Chassépot, [16]
• Bullet, Percussion-, [16]
• Cartridge, Multi-ball, [16]
• Fixed Round-shot, [16]
• Fixed Canister, [16]
• Projectile, Krupp Howitzer, [16]
• Projectile, English Howitzer, [16]
• Projectile, Butler, [16]
• Projectile, Whitworth, [16]
• Sabot, [16]
• Strapped Shell, [16]
• Oriflamme, [17]
• Pack and Draught Animals, [18]
• Buffalo, [18]
• Camel, Bactrian, [18]
• Dromedary, [18]
• Dromedary and Saddle, [18]
• Elephant, [18]
• Horse, [18]
• Llama, [18]
• Mule, [18]
• Mule laden with pack on cross-tree saddle, [18]
• Pack-saddle, [18]
• Paludamentum, [25]
• Parallels, [23]
• Parthian, [26]
• Pavisor and Pavise, [18]
• Petard, [18]
• Pilum, [19]
• Piquier, [25]
• Pistolier, 17th Century, [31]
• Platform, Gun, [9]
• Plummet Stand, [18]
• Plummet Stand, [19]
• Pointing Instruments, [18]
• Pointing Mortars, [23]
• Pole-axes, [18]
• Poniard, [18]
• Portcullis, [19]
• Portuguese Legion, [27]
• Powder, [23]
• Cubical, [23]
• Hexagonal, [23]
• Mammoth, [23]
• Prismatic (Molded), [23]
• For 3-inch and 3¹⁄₂-inch Field Rifle, [23]
• Pretorian, [25]
• Pretorian, [29]
• Quiver, [20]
• Quoin, [20]
• Range-finder, Nolan’s, [20]
• Ravelin, [20]
• Rèchaud, [20]
• Redoubt, [20]
• Ribaud, [25]
• Ribaudequin, [23]
• Rivers, Means employed in passing, [19]
• Ponton, [19]
• Ponton-bridge, [19]
• Raft complete, [19]
• Raft, Log, [19]
• Flying Bridges, [19]
• Barrel Pier, [19]
• Roi d’Armes, [26]
• Rondelle, [20]
• Sabretache, [20]
• Saddle, [21]
• Salade, [5]
• Sapper of the “Legion of the Vistula”, [27]
• Sceptre, [20]
• Scorpion, [20]
• Scutum, [20]
• Semaphores, [20]
• Sepoy, [26]
• Shabracs, 1800-1850, [23]
• Shakos, [5]
• Shield, [20]
• Signal Pistol fired, [20]
• Signal Station, [20]
• Signal Station at Night, [20]
• Slinger, [21]
• Small-arms, [18]
• Air-gun, [18]
• Chassépot Rifle, [17]
• Martini-Henry Rifle, [17]
• Springfield Rifle, U. S., [18]
• Vitterlin Rifle, [17]
• Werndl Rifle, [17]
• Werder Carbine, [17]
• Werndl Carbine, [17]
• Pistolets, 16th and 18th Centuries, [18]
• Pistol, 1855, [18]
• Pistol, Werder, [18]
• Pistol, 18th Century, [18]
• Percussion-lock, [18]
• Revolver, Austrian, [18]
• Beach’s Combination Sight, [16]
• Lyman’s Combination Sight, [16]
• Chassépot Sight, [16]
• Globe Sight, [16]
• Martini-Henry Sight, [10]
• Wind-gauge (Spirit Level), [16]
• Wind-gauge and Sight, U. S., [16]
• Winchester Reversible Sight, [16]
• Soldier of the “Legion Copthe”, [26]
• Soldier Foot Legion (Roman), [25]
• Spahis, [30]
• Sparum, [20]
• Spear, [20]
• Spear-heads, [20]
• Spurs, [20]
• Standard, [21]
• Standard, Pacha’s, [21]
• Stirrup, 18th Century, [21]
• Strappado, [20]
• Stylets, [20]
• Swiss Captain (1550), [26]
• Swords, [20]
• Tabard, [22]
• Tangent Scale, [21]
• Target, Floating, [21]
• Target, Laidley’s Shelter, [21]
• Targets, [21]
• Tasses, or Tasces, [21]
• Telegraph (Electric Field), [21]
• Telemeter, [22]
• Telemeter, for Field and Mountain Batteries, [22]
• Telemeters, [22]
• Tents, [23]
• “A,” or Common Tent, [22]
• Bell-tent, [22]
• Cushing’s Shelter-tent, [22]
• Pole (open), [22]
• Pole (shut), [22]
• Conical Tent (France), [22]
• Hospital Tent (Russian), [22]
• Roman Tents, [23]
• Shelter-tent, [22]
• Sibley Tent, [23]
• Sibley Wall-tent, [23]
• Tent-d’abri (France), [22]
• Wall-tent, [22]
• Tirailleur, Native (Algeria), [27]
• Toga, [21]
• Tollenon, [21]
• Tomahawks, [21]
• Tortue d’Hommes, [22]
• Tour Bélière, [22]
• Tower, [21]
• Tower, Watch-, [21]
• Trajectory, [22]
• Tribune, Military (Roman), [25]
• Trident, [21]
• Tromblon, [23]
• Trumpet, [22]
• Unicorn, [23]
• Velite, [25]
• Velite, 1807, [25]
• Vexilla, [29]
• Vexilla, [23]
• Vireton, [23]
• Vivandière, [26]
• Vivandière, 1809 (France), [30]
• Wahabees, [29]
• Wigwam, [22]
• Zagaie, [23]
• Zouaves (France), [27]