Early Quaker education in Pennsylvania

by Thomas Woody

ABBREVIATIONS

• Am. Wk. Mer.—American Weekly Mercury.
• Col. Rec.—Colonial Records of Pennsylvania.
• G. S. P. P.—Genealogical Society Publications of Pennsylvania.
• H. S. P.—Historical Society of Pennsylvania.
• Min. Mo. Mtg.—Minutes of the monthly meeting.
• Min. Prep. Mtg.—Minutes of the preparative meeting.
• Pa. Gaz.—Pennsylvania Gazette.
• Pa. Ger. Soc.—Pennsylvania German Society.
• Pa. Mag. of Hist.—Pennsylvania Magazine of History.
• P. C. S. M.—Penn Charter School Minutes.
• Q. Mtg.—Quarterly meeting.
• Yr. Mtg.—Yearly meeting.
• Wk. Advt.—Weekly Advertiser.

INDEX

• Abington, school land, [106];
• school, [106f.]
• Ackworth School, [22].
• Aims of educ., [7ff.], [36ff.], [161], [268].
• Apprenticeship educ., recommended, [9], [85], [86], [159], [206].
• Attendance, [180], [185];
• in Negro School, [243f.]
• Baptists, [5].
• Barclay, on educ., [31].
• Benezet, on educ., [31ff.];
• employed in Phila., [57-58], [216ff.];
• on keeping slaves, [235f.]
• Biddle, [73].
• Birmingham, [131], [134], [163].
• Blue Hill, [151].
• Books, distributed, [24];
• used in schools, [109], [142], [193ff.]
• Bradford, [123f.], [134], [136ff.]
• Bristol, school, [88].
• Buckingham, school, [95ff.]
• Budd, educ. scheme of, [36ff.]
• Buildings and grounds, [65ff.];
• interior of, [67ff.]
• Byberry, school, [74ff.];
• report, [76f.];
• schoolmasters at, [224f.]
• Chester, [148ff.], [151].
• Chichester, [163].
• Children, apprenticeship of, [159];
• cared for by meetings, [122f.], [141].
• Classic languages, [11], [59], [71];
• not necessary for ministers, [31], [35].
• Clerkenwell, school at, [22].
• Committees, on schools, functions, [80], [168], [141], [143];
• school coms. appointed, [111], [116], [118].
• Concord, [162ff.]
• Cox, criticism by, [26ff.]
• Crouch, on educ., [34f.]
• Curriculum, [190ff.], [215], [270];
• Classical School, [196];
• English School, [197];
• Negro School, [192];
• Latin and Greek, [59], [71];
• letter writing, [191];
• mathematics, [30], [71f.];
• spelling, [192];
• subjects recommended, [29ff.]
• Darby, [23f.], [154ff.]
• Discipline, [186], [223].
• East Bradford, [131].
• East Caln, [137f.]
• Education, before the Quakers, [147];
• moral, [86];
• for Negro and Indian, [233ff.], [269];
• practical, by apprenticeship, [9], [10];
• provided in Frame of Government, [42];
• public, recommended, [30];
• recommended by yr. mtg., [20ff.], [109], [123], [174].
• English School, masters of, [222ff.]
• Evening Schools, [187].
• Exeter, [79ff.]
• Falls, [86ff.]
• Fox, sketch of life, [2ff.];
• conclusions of, [4];
• educ’l creed, [7ff.];
• recommended schs., [10];
• educ. of ministers, [11f.];
• mo. mtgs. recommended, [16].
• Free Schools, [180].
• Germantown, [77ff.]
• Girls’ School, [70], [213], [217].
• Goshen, [130ff.]
• Gwynedd, [110], [113].
• Haverford, [162].
• Horsham, [114ff.]
• Indians, educ. recommended, [8], [12], [37], [269];
• friendly relation with, [262];
• issue of rum to, [262];
• missionaries among, [263];
• aid requested by, [263];
• educ’l. work among, [263f.];
• occupations taught, [265].
• Inner light, [2], [4], [7], [13].
• Kennett, [122f.];
• discontinued, [124], [137], [169f.]
• Lampeter, [142].
• Land, for school use, [81], [87ff.], [106], [125], [131f.], [148f.], [176f.]
• Latin School, masters of, [220ff.]
• Legacies: Carter, [74], [107f.];
• Wade, Lineham and Richards, [63];
• Bryner and Baldwin, [90];
• Harker, [93], [95];
• Holcomb, [95];
• Abbitt, Buckman and Twining, [101];
• Roberts and Walton, [103];
• Keen and Hoskins, [148];
• Taylor and Hall, [149];
• Turner, [151f.];
• Evans, [152];
• Meed, [153];
• Blunston, [154];
• Lobb, [157];
• Yarnall, [165];
• Barnes, [106f.];
• under care of trustees, [75], [107f.]
• Literature, used in meetings, [199ff.]
• London, yearly mtg. established, [17];
• advices on educ., [172f.]
• London Grove, [140].
• Maiden Creek, [80f.]
• Makefield, [88].
• Meetings, established, [15f.], [79], [85], [105], [122], [147].
• Mennonites, [4f.]
• Merion and Valley, [114].
• Methods, [197], [199].
• Middletown, [92ff.], [149f.], [151].
• Montgomery Township, [112].
• Monthly meeting, function, [19], [169], [175].
• Morristown, [111].
• Nantmeal, [139f.]
• Negro, educ. recommended, [8], [12], [37], [269];
• manumission, [252], [257], [261];
• educ. of ⸺ in Phila., [239-246];
• Exeter, [248];
• Radnor, [248f.];
• Middletown, [249f.];
• Buckingham, [250ff.];
• Kennett, [253];
• New Garden and Uwchlan, [138], [254];
• Sadsbury and Bradford, [255];
• Concord and Goshen, [256];
• Abington and Horsham, [258];
• Byberry and Gwynedd, [259ff.];
• Warrington and Fairfax, [261];
• attitude of sects toward ⸺, [231ff.];
• meetings for ⸺, [239];
• com. on ⸺ affairs, [240f.];
• duties of com. on ⸺, [246-7];
• ⸺ in Pa. [228ff.]
• Negro School, established, [241f.];
• support, [64];
• housed, [70], [71], [215], [217];
• status in 1800, [245];
• support of, [243f.], [247f.];
• attendance, [243f.];
• teachers in, Patterson, [241];
• Houghton, [242];
• Benezet, [242];
• Britt, Dougherty, Meccum, [243];
• Pickering, [244];
• Mears, [245].
• New Garden, [123f.], [128ff.], [137].
• Organization, of meetings, purpose, [15];
• explained, [18];
• with regard to schools, [172-190];
• weakness of, [268].
• Pastorius, [47], [53], [77ff.]
• Pay scholars, [180].
• Penn, on educ., [28ff.];
• coming to Phila., [41].
• Penn Charter School, [45];
• petition to incorporate, [47ff.];
• first charter, [49ff.];
• rechartered, [52];
• self perpetuating corporation of, [53], [106].
• Philadelphia, reports on schs. in, [58ff.], [71ff.]
• Plymouth, [112].
• Poor, educ. of, [32], [38], [59], [74], [91], [112f.], [117], [149], [159].
• Preachers, journeys of, [5f.]
• Preparative meeting, functions, [19].
• Printing, encouraged, [152].
• Quakers, origin of, [1ff.];
• growth of, [6].
• Quarterly meeting, functions, [19], [168], [174].
• Radnor, [158ff.]
• Rates, [71ff.]
• Reading, [81f.]
• Regulations, adopted for schools, [115f.], [125f.], [182ff.]
• Rewards, [186].
• Richland, [102f.]
• Robeson, [80f.]
• Sadsbury, [141ff.]
• Salary, [43], [45], [47], [54f.], [62], [210f.], [154];
• compared, [212].
• School control, [80], [186], [141], [143];
• coms. appointed on, [111], [116], [118].
• School day, length of, [186ff.]
• Schoolhouses, [177ff.];
• school property, urged necessary, [176f.]
• Schoolmistresses, [54], [58ff.], [130], [208], [212f.]
• Schools, modern tendency, [39];
• number established estimated, [121], [270].
• School support, [39], [45f.], [60-65], [71ff.], [89f.], [92f.], [98f.], [127f.], [133], [139ff.], [143f.], [148], [150f.], [157f.], [160], [164], [167-172];
• distribution of funds, [108];
• of Negro School, [64].
• Schwenkfeld, Caspar, [4].
• Schlemiel, school, [10], [22].
• Slavery, beginning of in Pa., [228];
• opponents of, [233ff.];
• classes interested, [230];
• attitude of Quakers, [236ff.];
• laws regarding, [228f.];
• increase of, [230];
• condition of slaves, [231];
• attitude of Fox, [233];
• Woolman, [234];
• Benezet, [235f.];
• Keith, [236].
• Spelling, [192].
• Springfield, [151].
• Student papers, [188f.]
• Supervision of schools, [96f.], [189].
• Teachers, selection of, [100], [110];
• scarcity, [150];
• source, [205f.], [209];
• qualifications, [204];
• tenure, [207f.], [209];
• duties, [214];
• rated, [216];
• no contract for, [210];
• morality, [225], [269].
• Teachers named: Albertson, [113];
• Ayres, [225];
• Brockden, [56], [74];
• Brientnall, [58];
• Brown, [59], [72], [218];
• Britt, [218];
• Burchall, [208], [214];
• Binns, [218];
• Buller, [218];
• Benezet, [31ff.], [57], [58], [216ff.], [235f.];
• Cadwalader, [54], [55], [209], [218];
• Cathrall, [59], [215];
• Clarke, [60], [72], [219];
• Carver, [225], [116];
• Clift, [207], [209], [219], [154];
• Coggins and Chamberlain, [114];
• Dickinson, [207], [219];
• Dougherty, [215];
• Dull, [114];
• Every, [55], [224];
• Eldridge, [206];
• Evans, [113];
• Flower, [42f.], [45], [59];
• Fitzpatrick, [225], [116];
• Foulke, [114];
• Hartshorne, [60], [74];
• Harry, [60], [72];
• Houghton, [57];
• Josai, [58];
• Jones, [59], [114];
• Jackson, [220];
• Johnson, [225];
• Keith, [45], [207], [209], [219];
• Kirk, [225];
• King, [207], [220];
• Lancaster, [59], [72];
• Makin, [46], [53], [54], [56], [57], [207], [209], [219];
• Marsh, [60], [73];
• McDonnell, [60], [73];
• Mears, [218];
• Moor, [224];
• Meccum, [215];
• Naylor, [55];
• Pardo, [110], [114];
• Parks, [225];
• Patterson, [220];
• Pastorius, [47], [53], [77ff.];
• Proud, [59-71], [183ff.], [206], [209], [221ff.];
• Pickering, [218];
• Pemberton, [224];
• Pearson, [225];
• Price, [114];
• Rakestraw, [59];
• Robbins, [56];
• Richards, [224];
• Smith, [58], [116], [225];
• Songhurst, [54], [208], [213];
• Snowdon, [223];
• Sitch, [224];
• Taylor, [107], [207], [225];
• Thompson, [58], [220f.], [222];
• Thorne, [223];
• Thornton, [209], [213];
• Todd, [58], [59], [72], [222];
• Underwood, [225];
• Walby, [55];
• Warden, [56];
• Weaver, [59], [72];
• Willian, [57], [205], [209], [220];
• Wilson, [220];
• Waring, [223];
• Warren, [206];
• Yerkes, [58], [223].
• Tuke, on educ., [34f.]
• Uwchlan, [138ff.]
• Waltham, school at, [10], [22].
• Warrington, [117].
• Westtown Boarding School, [60], [73], [89], [145], [151].
• Whitehead, on educ., [34f.]
• Willistown, [132].
• Women, as teachers, [54], [58f.], [130];
• on school com., [118], [140].
• Woolman, on educ., [33f.];
• on slave holding, [234].
• Writing school, [195].
• Yearly meeting, recommends education, [20ff.], [109];
• functions, [18].
• York, [119].
• Youths’ meetings, [105f.], [117].