In this Manual of Conchology we have endeavoured to give a free translation of Lamarck’s system, as simplified by De Blainville; and, in order to facilitate as much as possible the study of this beautiful and interesting science, we have divested it of numerous technicalities, and divided it into four classes: Annelides, Cirrhipedes, Conchifera, and Mollusca.
To each class we have assigned its various families, to each family its genera, and to each genus its living species; thereby making it plain and within the reach of the meanest capacity. A type of almost every genus is given, excepting only those shells which, from their similarity to other genera, may easily be classed.
It was deemed advisable, as this is intended for an easy introduction to the science, to omit many divisions and subdivisions, which would only serve to perplex and render the attainment more difficult.
As the Naiades, or shells of this country, are given in several valuable scientific works lately published, we have only slightly touched them in the place they are intended to occupy.
We cannot expect that the work now presented to the public is free from imperfections; but we ask for their lenity and kind forbearance to excuse whatever defects there may be in our humble attempts to advance the cause of science. Conchology, like other departments of natural history, is progressing; and that which is given to-day is almost always susceptible of being modified to-morrow; should this work be well received, it is our intention to give, as soon as practicable, an enlarged work, containing even the minute microscopic shells and the fossils, with plates containing types of as many species of the genera as can possibly be obtained.
The plates were drawn and coloured with great care and accuracy from the natural shells in our own cabinet, under the superintendence of Mr. James Ackerman, artist.
T. W.
ARRANGEMENT.
| [CLASS I.] | ||||
| ANNELIDES. | ||||
| FOUR FAMILIES. | ||||
| Fam. | ||||
| 1. | Dorsaliæ. Two genera. | |||
| 1. | Arenicola. | Species | 1 | |
| 2. | Siliquaria. | “ | 4 | |
| 2. | Maldaniæ. Two genera. | |||
| 1. | Clymene. | Species | 1 | |
| 2. | Dentalium. | “ | 12 | |
| 3. | Amphitritæa. Four genera. | |||
| 1. | Pectinaria. | Species | 2 | |
| 2. | Sabellaria. | “ | 2 | |
| 3. | Terebella. | “ | 3 | |
| 4. | Amphitrite. | “ | 6 | |
| 4. | Serpulacea. Five genera. | |||
| 1. | Spirorbis. | Species | 5 | |
| 2. | Serpula. | “ | 26 | |
| 3. | Vermilia. | “ | 8 | |
| 4. | Galeolaria. | “ | 2 | |
| 5. | Magilus. | “ | 1 | |
| [CLASS II.] | ||||
| CIRRHIPEDES. | ||||
| ONE FAMILY. | ||||
| 1. | Cirrhipedes. Ten genera. | |||
| 1. | Tubicinella. | Species | 1 | |
| 2. | Coronula. | “ | 3 | |
| 3. | Balanus. | “ | 28 | |
| 4. | Acasta. | “ | 3 | |
| 5. | Creusia. | “ | 3 | |
| 6. | Pyrgoma. | “ | 1 | |
| 7. | Anatifera. | “ | 5 | |
| 8. | Pollicipes. | “ | 3 | |
| 9. | Cineras. | “ | 1 | |
| 10. | Otion. | “ | 2 | |
| [CLASS III.] | ||||
| CONCHIFERA. | ||||
| TWENTY FAMILIES. | ||||
| 1. | Tubicola. Six genera. | |||
| 1. | Aspergillum. | Species | 4 | |
| 2. | Clavagella. | Species | 1 | |
| 3. | Fistulana. | “ | 4 | |
| 4. | Septaria. | “ | 1 | |
| 5. | Teredina. | “ | 2 | |
| 6. | Teredo. | “ | 2 | |
| 2. | Pholadaria. Two genera. | |||
| 1. | Pholas. | Species | 9 | |
| 2. | Gastrochæna. | “ | 3 | |
| 3. | Solenides. Four genera. | |||
| 1. | Solen. | Species | 18 | |
| 2. | Panopæa. | “ | 1 | |
| 3. | Solecurtus. | “ | 3 | |
| 4. | Glycimeris. | “ | 1 | |
| 4. | Myaria. Two genera. | |||
| 1. | Mya. | Species | 4 | |
| 2. | Anatina. | “ | 10 | |
| 5. | Mactracea. Seven genera. | |||
| 1. | Lutraria. | Species | 11 | |
| 2. | Mactra. | “ | 33 | |
| 3. | Crassatella. | “ | 11 | |
| 4. | Erycina. | “ | 1 | |
| 5. | Ungulina. | “ | 2 | |
| 6. | Solenimya. | “ | 2 | |
| 7. | Amphidesma. | “ | 16 | |
| 6. | Corbulacea. Two genera. | |||
| 1. | Corbula. | Species | 9 | |
| 2. | Pandora. | “ | 2 | |
| 7. | Lithophagi. Three genera. | |||
| 1. | Saxicava. | Species | 5 | |
| 2. | Petricola. | “ | 13 | |
| 3. | Venerirupis. | “ | 7 | |
| 8. | Nymphacea. Ten genera. | |||
| 1. | Sanguinolaria. | Species | 4 | |
| 2. | Psammobia. | “ | 18 | |
| 3. | Psammotæa. | “ | 7 | |
| 4. | Tellina. | “ | 54 | |
| 5. | Tellinides. | “ | 1 | |
| 6. | Corbis. | “ | 1 | |
| 7. | Lucina. | “ | 20 | |
| 8. | Donax. | “ | 27 | |
| 9. | Capsa. | “ | 2 | |
| 10. | Crassina. | “ | 1 | |
| 9. | Conchacea. Seven genera. | |||
| 1. | Cyclas. | Species | 11 | |
| 2. | Cyrena. | “ | 10 | |
| 3. | Galathea. | Species | 1 | |
| 4. | Cyprina. | “ | 2 | |
| 5. | Cytherea. | “ | 78 | |
| 6. | Venus. | “ | 88 | |
| 7. | Venericardia. | “ | 1 | |
| 10. | Cardiacea. Five genera. | |||
| 1. | Cardium. | Species | 48 | |
| 2. | Cardita. | “ | 21 | |
| 3. | Cypricardia. | “ | 4 | |
| 4. | Hiatella. | “ | 2 | |
| 5. | Isocardia. | “ | 3 | |
| 11. | Arcacea. Four genera. | |||
| 1. | Cucullæa. | Species | 1 | |
| 2. | Arca. | “ | 37 | |
| 3. | Pectunculus. | “ | 19 | |
| 4. | Nucula. | “ | 6 | |
| 12. | Trigonacea. Two genera. | |||
| 1. | Trigonia. | Species | 1 | |
| 2. | Castalia. | “ | 1 | |
| 13. | Naiades. Four genera. | |||
| 1. | Unio. | Species | 48 | |
| 2. | Hyria. | “ | 2 | |
| 3. | Anodonta. | “ | 15 | |
| 4. | Iridina. | “ | 1 | |
| 14. | Chamacea. Three genera. | |||
| 1. | Diceras. | Species | 1 | |
| 2. | Chama. | “ | 17 | |
| 3. | Etheria. | “ | 4 | |
| 15. | Tridacnites. Two genera. | |||
| 1. | Tridacna. | Species | 6 | |
| 2. | Hippopus. | “ | 1 | |
| 16. | Mytilacea. Three genera. | |||
| 1. | Mytilus. | Species | 35 | |
| 2. | Modiola. | “ | 23 | |
| 3. | Pinna. | “ | 15 | |
| 17. | Malleacea. Five genera. | |||
| 1. | Crenatula. | Species | 7 | |
| 2. | Perna. | “ | 10 | |
| 3. | Malleus. | “ | 6 | |
| 4. | Avicula. | “ | 13 | |
| 5. | Meleagrina. | “ | 2 | |
| 18. | Pectinides. Seven genera. | |||
| 1. | Pedum. | Species | 1 | |
| 2. | Lima. | “ | 6 | |
| 3. | Pecten. | “ | 59 | |
| 4. | Plagiostoma. | “ | 10 | |
| 5. | Plicatula. | “ | 5 | |
| 6. | Spondylus. | “ | 21 | |
| 7. | Podopsis. | “ | 2 | |
| 19. | Ostracea. Six genera. | |||
| 1. | Gryphæa. | Species | 1 | |
| 2. | Ostrea. | “ | 48 | |
| 3. | Vulsella. | Species | 6 | |
| 4. | Placuna. | “ | 3 | |
| 5. | Anomia. | “ | 9 | |
| 6. | Crania. | “ | 1 | |
| 20. | Brachiopoda. Three genera. | |||
| 1. | Orbicula. | Species | 1 | |
| 2. | Terebratula. | “ | 12 | |
| 3. | Lingula. | “ | 1 | |
| [CLASS IV.] | ||||
| MOLLUSCA. | ||||
| TWENTY-TWO FAMILIES. | ||||
| 1. | Pteropoda. Six genera. | |||
| 1. | Hyalæa. | Species | 2 | |
| 2. | Clio. | “ | 2 | |
| 3. | Cleodora. | “ | 2 | |
| 4. | Limacina. | “ | 1 | |
| 5. | Cymbulia. | “ | 1 | |
| 6. | Pneumodermon. | “ | 1 | |
| 2. | Phyllidiacea. Four genera. | |||
| 1. | Phyllidia. | Species | 3 | |
| 2. | Chitonellus. | “ | 2 | |
| 3. | Chiton. | “ | 6 | |
| 4. | Patella. | “ | 45 | |
| 3. | Calyptracea. Seven genera. | |||
| 1. | Parmophora. | Species | 3 | |
| 2. | Emarginula. | “ | 4 | |
| 3. | Fissurella. | “ | 19 | |
| 4. | Pileopsis. | “ | 4 | |
| 5. | Calyptræa. | “ | 4 | |
| 6. | Crepidula. | “ | 6 | |
| 7. | Ancylus. | “ | 2 | |
| 4. | Bullacea. Three genera. | |||
| 1. | Acera. | Species | 1 | |
| 2. | Bullæa. | “ | 1 | |
| 3. | Bulla. | “ | 11 | |
| 5. | Aplysiacea. Two genera. | |||
| 1. | Aplysia. | Species | 3 | |
| 2. | Dolabella. | “ | 2 | |
| 6. | Limacinea. Five genera. | |||
| 1. | Onchidium. | Species | 2 | |
| 2. | Parmacella. | “ | 1 | |
| 3. | Limax. | “ | 4 | |
| 4. | Testacella. | “ | 1 | |
| 5. | Vitrina. | “ | 1 | |
| 7. | Colimacea. Eleven genera. | |||
| 1. | Helix. | Species | 107 | |
| 2. | Carocolla. | “ | 15 | |
| 3. | Anostoma. | “ | 2 | |
| 4. | Helicina. | “ | 4 | |
| 5. | Pupa. | “ | 27 | |
| 6. | Clausilia. | Species | 12 | |
| 7. | Bulimus. | “ | 34 | |
| 8. | Achatina. | “ | 20 | |
| 9. | Succinea. | “ | 3 | |
| 10. | Auricula. | “ | 14 | |
| 11. | Cyclostoma. | “ | 28 | |
| 8. | Lymnæcea. Three genera. | |||
| 1. | Planorbis. | Species | 12 | |
| 2. | Physa. | “ | 4 | |
| 3. | Lymnæa. | “ | 11 | |
| 9. | Melanides. Three genera. | |||
| 1. | Melania. | Species | 16 | |
| 2. | Melanopsis. | “ | 3 | |
| 3. | Pirena. | “ | 4 | |
| 10. | Peristomides. Three gen. | |||
| 1. | Valvata. | Species | 1 | |
| 2. | Paludina. | “ | 7 | |
| 3. | Ampullaria. | “ | 11 | |
| 11. | Neritacea. Five genera. | |||
| 1. | Neritina. | Species | 21 | |
| 2. | Navicella. | “ | 3 | |
| 3. | Nerita. | “ | 17 | |
| 4. | Natica. | “ | 31 | |
| 5. | Janthina. | “ | 2 | |
| 12. | Macrostomides. Four gen. | |||
| 1. | Sigaretus. | Species | 4 | |
| 2. | Stomatella. | “ | 5 | |
| 3. | Stomatia. | “ | 2 | |
| 4. | Haliotis. | “ | 15 | |
| 13. | Plicacea. Two genera. | |||
| 1. | Tornatella. | Species | 6 | |
| 2. | Pyramidella. | “ | 5 | |
| 14. | Scalarides. Three genera. | |||
| 1. | Vermetus. | Species | 1 | |
| 2. | Scalaria. | “ | 7 | |
| 3. | Delphinula. | “ | 3 | |
| 15. | Turbinacea. Seven genera. | |||
| 1. | Solarium. | Species | 7 | |
| 2. | Trochus. | “ | 69 | |
| 3. | Monodonta. | “ | 23 | |
| 4. | Turbo. | “ | 34 | |
| 5. | Planaxis. | “ | 2 | |
| 6. | Phasianella. | “ | 10 | |
| 7. | Turritella. | “ | 13 | |
| 16. | Canalifera. Eleven genera. | |||
| 1. | Cerithium. | Species | 36 | |
| 2. | Pleurotoma. | Species | 23 | |
| 3. | Turbinella. | “ | 23 | |
| 4. | Cancellaria. | “ | 12 | |
| 5. | Fasciolaria. | “ | 8 | |
| 6. | Fusus. | “ | 37 | |
| 7. | Pyrula. | “ | 28 | |
| 8. | Struthiolaria. | “ | 2 | |
| 9. | Ranella. | “ | 14 | |
| 10. | Murex. | “ | 66 | |
| 11. | Triton. | “ | 31 | |
| 17. | Alata. Three genera. | |||
| 1. | Rostellaria. | Species | 3 | |
| 2. | Pteroceras. | “ | 7 | |
| 3. | Strombus. | “ | 32 | |
| 18. | Purpurifera. Eleven gen. | |||
| 1. | Cassidaria. | Species | 5 | |
| 2. | Cassis. | “ | 25 | |
| 3. | Ricinula. | “ | 9 | |
| 4. | Purpura. | “ | 50 | |
| 5. | Monoceros. | “ | 5 | |
| 6. | Concholepas. | “ | 1 | |
| 7. | Harpa. | “ | 8 | |
| 8. | Dolium. | “ | 7 | |
| 9. | Buccinum. | “ | 58 | |
| 10. | Eburna. | “ | 5 | |
| 11. | Terebra. | “ | 24 | |
| 19. | Columellaria. Five genera. | |||
| 1. | Columbella. | Species | 18 | |
| 2. | Mitra. | “ | 80 | |
| 3. | Voluta. | “ | 44 | |
| 4. | Marginella. | “ | 24 | |
| 5. | Volvaria. | “ | 5 | |
| 20. | Convoluta. Six genera. | |||
| 1. | Ovula. | Species | 12 | |
| 2. | Cypræa. | “ | 68 | |
| 3. | Terebellum. | “ | 1 | |
| 4. | Ancillaria. | “ | 4 | |
| 5. | Oliva. | “ | 62 | |
| 6. | Conus. | “ | 181 | |
| 21. | Nautilacea. Two genera. | |||
| 1. | Spirula. | Species | 1 | |
| 2. | Nautilus. | “ | 2 | |
| 22. | Heteropoda. Two genera. | |||
| 1. | Argonauta. | Species | 3 | |
| 2. | Carinaria. | “ | 3 | |
CONCHOLOGY.