TO ALEXANDER BARON VON HUMBOLDT,
AS A MARK OF THE HIGHEST RESPECT,
FOR THE EXTENT OF HIS KNOWLEDGE
AND THE ACCURACY OF HIS RESEARCH,
AS WELL AS
FOR HIS ARDENT ZEAL IN THE PROMOTION OF SCIENCE,
AND FOR HIS CANDOUR AND VIGILANCE
IN THE DISTRIBUTION OF LITERARY JUSTICE,
THIS WORK IS DEDICATED
BY HIS OBLIGED FRIEND,
THE AUTHOR.
VOLVENDA DIES EN ATTULIT ULTRO!
CONTENTS.
| Page | |
| Preface | [IX] |
| CHAPTER I. | |
| Introductory Sketch of the prevalent Opinions respecting Hieroglyphics | [1] |
| CHAPTER II. | |
| Investigations founded on the Pillar of Rosetta | [8] |
| CHAPTER III. | |
| Additional Inferences, deduced from the Egyptian Manuscripts, and from other Monuments | [15] |
| CHAPTER IV. | |
| Collections of the French.—Mr. Drovetti.—Mr. Champollion’s Discoveries | [34] |
| CHAPTER V. | |
| Illustrations of the Manuscripts brought from Egypt by Mr. Grey | [55] |
| CHAPTER VI. | |
| Extracts from Diodorus and Herodotus; relating to Mummies | [87] |
| CHAPTER VII. | |
| Extracts from Strabo; Alphabet of Champollion; Hieroglyphical and Enchorial Names | [116] |
| CHAPTER VIII. | |
| Chronological History of the Ptolemies, extracted from various Authors | [130] |
| APPENDIX I. | |
| Greek text of the Manuscripts and Registries | [145] |
| APPENDIX II. | |
| Specimens of Hieroglyphics | [153] |
PREFACE.
A complete confirmation of the principal results, which I had some years since deduced, from an examination of the hieroglyphical monuments of ancient Egypt, having been very unexpectedly derived from the ulterior researches of Mr. Champollion, and from the singular good fortune of Mr. George Grey, I cannot resist the natural inclination, to make a public claim to whatever credit may be my due, for the labour that I have bestowed, on an attempt to unveil the mystery, in which Egyptian literature has been involved for nearly twenty centuries.
If, indeed, I have not hitherto wholly withheld from the public the results of my inquiries, it has not been from the love of authorship only, nor from an impatience of being the sole possessor of a secret treasure; but because I was desirous of securing, at least, for my country, what is justly considered as a desirable acquisition to every country, the reputation of having enlarged the boundaries of human knowledge, and of having contributed to extend the dominion of the mind of man over time, and space, and neglect, and obscurity. Corona in SACRIS CERTAMINIBUS non victori datur, sed PATRIA ab eo coronari pronuntiatur. And whatever vanity or enthusiasm there might be in this sentiment, it was at least sincere and unaffected.
In the mean time my Egyptian investigations had been as laborious as they had been persevering: and like many other pursuits, in which I have been engaged, they had been so little enlivened by any fortunate coincidences, or unexpected facilities, that having occasion to adopt a motto for the signatures of some anonymous communications, I had chosen the words FORTUNAM EX ALIIS, as appropriate to my own history. But the new lights, which Mr. Champollion has obtained, and the marvellous accident of the existence of a Greek manuscript, in perfect preservation, which I found, when Mr. Grey had obligingly left it for my examination, to be the translation of a unique hieroglyphic papyrus, lately purchased by the King of France; these circumstances have so far changed the complexion of my literary adventures, that if I remained any longer in masquerade, I should certainly be compelled to adopt the character of Polycrates or of Aladdin.
It would indeed have been a little hard, that the only single step, which leads at once to an extensive result, should have been made by a Foreigner, upon the very ground which I had undergone the drudgery of quietly raising, while he advanced rapidly and firmly, without denying his obligations to his predecessor, but very naturally, under all circumstances, without exaggerating them, or indeed very fully enumerating them. I should not have repined, even if no counterpart to his good fortune had occurred for my own advantage and assistance; but the exhilaration of a success, so unexpected, has brought me more immediately and more openly before the public, than it was previously my intention to appear, in relation to a pursuit so remote from the nature of many other duties which I am bound to fulfil.
It may naturally be expected that I should make some apology, for what is generally considered as a violation of professional decorum; for presuming to appear again before the public, without absolute necessity, in any other capacity than that of a practical physician. I have indeed myself observed, on a former occasion, that the public is inclined to think, and not without something like reason, that the abilities of different individuals are pretty nearly equal; and that if any one has distinguished himself in a particular department of study, he must have bestowed so much the less time and attention on other departments: that, of course, if he excelled in more than one line, out of his profession, the natural inference would be so much the stronger: and that whether this may be fair or not, it is at least fair, that direct evidence should be produced or imagined of a devotion to medical pursuits, before medical confidence can reasonably be expected.