Not only in several memoranda of his friends, but in the preface of his Tibetan Dictionary, and also in the letters which Csoma addressed to Captain Kennedy in 1825, we find that the learned Hungarian had noticed, not merely a certain linguistic affinity between the Sanskrit and Hindi with the Hungarian tongue, but he discovered the existence of words and names, in the countries of South-East of Europe, which seem to point in that direction. Csoma has repeatedly given expression to such an opinion, the importance of which did not escape the notice of men like Wilson, Prinsep, Torrens, Campbell, and others. Yet, with the view to publication, he seemed always disinclined putting such memoranda on record, [[218]]because he had hoped, no doubt, that after arriving at Lassa he would be able to present to the public something more tangible and complete than what he could gather merely from resources collected in India.
The ardent hope of his life, that of visiting Lassa and the country beyond, was destined, however, never to be gratified.
A few pages of manuscript annotations in Csoma’s own handwriting are now in the possession of the Academy of Sciences of Hungary. These annotations are presented to the reader, however, it may be confessed, with some diffidence. Desirous to do justice to Csoma’s memory, we wish to guard against the supposition that he would ever have permitted this apparently unimportant vocabulary to appear as we find it, because the most cursory examination of it amply testifies that these memoranda are but casual annotations of words as they struck him in the course of his reading; still even so they will be considered as precious relics by those who look with interest on Csoma’s life and labours, as the plank of a sunken vessel would be that a wave chanced to throw upon a friendly shore.
With these preliminary remarks, and only under conditions just described, do we feel justified in bringing to light this hitherto unknown collection.
| âtâ | आता H. | father | atya. | |||
| annada | अन्नद S. | he who gives food | enni adó. | |||
| annadânam | अन्नदानं S. | the giving food | enni adás. | |||
| ashita | अशित S. | eaten | ett, evett. | |||
| ash | अश् S. | to eat | enni. | |||
| ashanam | अशनं S. | food | ozsonya. | |||
| argha | अर्घ S. | price, value | ár, becs. | |||
| astam | अस्तं S. | sunset | este. | |||
| (?) astamatî | अस्तमती S. | getting towards evening | esteledik. | |||
| amutra | अमुत्र S. | there | amott. | |||
| agni | अग्नि S. | fire | (tüz égni.) | |||
| âlasa | आलस S. | lazy | aluszékony. | |||
| aswara | अस्वर S. | having deficient voice | szótalan. | |||
| ardati | अर्दति S. | hurts | árt. | |||
| alati | अलति S. | prevents | elöz, megelöz. [[219]] | |||
| artha | अर्थ S. | price | érték. | |||
| arthajna | अर्थज्ञ S. | understanding | értelem. | |||
| aham | अहं S. | I, yes | én, ám. | |||
| arthayate | अर्थयते S. | asks | kérdez. | |||
| âm | आम् S. | indeed | ám. | |||
| arha | अर्ह S. | value, price | ár, becs. | |||
| arhati | अर्हति S. | values | becaül. | |||
| artham | अर्थं S. | for | —— ért. | |||
| e.g., gurvartham, guruért. | ||||||
| arthaka | अर्थक S. | wealth | érték, gazdagság. | |||
| arthavat | अर्थवत् S. | wealthy | értékes, gazdag. | |||
| âlasya | आलस्य S. | sleepy, apathetic | aluszékony, aluszom. | |||
| (?) akar | he will | akar. | ||||
| ati | अति S. | above, upper | felette. | |||
| lâ | ला S. | taking, occupying, conquering | foglaló. | |||
| (?) Atila | अतिला (?) | Adi-la, successful, great chief, conqueror | elökelö, gyözelmes foglaló. | |||
| aṭala | अटल S. | firm, solid | állandó. | |||
| angikâ | अङ्गिका S. | a shirt | ümeg, ing. | |||
| argala | अर्गल S. | a bolt | horgoló, rekesz. | |||
| ativṛiddha | अतिवृद्ध S. | very old | megvénült. | |||
| asti | अस्ति S. | is | van, vagyon. | |||
| nâsti | नास्ति S. | is not | nincsen. | |||
| tejas | तेजस् S. | fire, energy | tüz, fény. | |||
| twish | त्विष् S. | light, fire | tüz. | |||
| tâta | तात S. | father | atya. | |||
| trâta | त्रात S. | preserved | megtartott. | |||
| trâyate | त्रायते S. | preserves | megtart. | |||
| tâḍayati | ताडयति S. | pushes | taszit. | |||
| twam | त्वं S. | thou | te. | |||
| thâl, thâlâ, thâlî | थाल, थाला, थाली H. | a dish | tál. | |||
| talati | ![]() | तलति S. | ![]() | to be full, complete | ![]() | telni. |
| tâlayati | तालयति S. | tölteni. | ||||
| talapayati | तलपयति (?) S. | töltetni. [[220]] | ||||
| tasyati | तस्यति S. | pushes, tosses | taszit. | |||
| staryate | स्तर्यते S. | spreads | terjed, terjeszkedik. | |||
| trâ, | ![]() | त्रा, | ![]() | to hold | tartani. | |
| trâyate, | त्रायते, | |||||
| trâpayate | त्रापयते S. | |||||
| râga | राग S. | anger | harag. | |||
| râma | राम S. | joy | öröm. | |||
| raktam | रक्तं S. | blood | vér. | |||
| raktapa | रक्तप S. | blood-sucker, a leech | vérszopó. | |||
| rakta-vîja | रक्तवीज S. | pomegranate | veres bélü, veres magú. | |||
| râjati | राजति S. | shines | ragyog. | |||
| loka | लोक S. | world | világ. | |||
| loshṭa | लोष्ट S. | rust | rozsda. | |||
| lankâ | लङ्का S. | a girl | lyánka. | |||
| ghâs | घास H. | grass | gaz, fü. | |||
| bol | बोल H. | speak thou | szólj. | |||
| bolnâ | बोल्ना H. | to speak | szólni. | |||
| bulânâ | बुलाना H. | to call | szólitni. | |||
| bulwânâ | बुलवाना H. | to cause to call | szólittatni. | |||
| (?) bâlya | बाल्य S. | the family | család. | |||
| N.B.—Magyar family names: Bala, Buda, Bodala, Barta, Bálya, Bod, Bede, Binde, Vajna, Beder, Vida, Bardocz, Bihar,Hari, Csorja, Sánta, Buja, Székely. | ||||||
| bandhu | बन्धु S. | a friend | barát. | |||
| bhrâtâ | भ्राता S. | brother | bátya. | |||
| bhrátá me | भ्राता मे S. | my brother | bátyám. | |||
| bhogyâ | भोग्या S. | a whore | buja, bujálkodó. | |||
| bheka | भेक S. | a frog | béka. | |||
| bṛiksha, vṛiksha | बृक्ष S. | a tree | bükkfa. | |||
| bhâshita | भाषित S. | a discourse | beszéd. | |||
| bhayânak | भयानक H. | champion (terrific) | bajnok. | |||
| bṛikha, vṛisha | वृख H. बृष S. | a bull | bika. | |||
| vichâraka, bichârak | विचारक S. and H. | the judge | biró. | |||
| balgati | बल्गति S. | to tramp (to jump) | ballagni. | |||
| Bharata | भरत S. | younger brother of Râma, son of Dushmanta and Sakuntalâ. | ||||
| —Magyar words: Barát, Barta, Bartos.[[221]] | ||||||
| Budha | बुध S. | son of the moon, regent of the planet Mercury | ![]() | bölcs. | ||
| Buda. | ||||||
| bhâshe | भाषे S. | I talk | beszélek. | |||
| balavân | बलवान् S. | (?) an idol | bálvany. | |||
| eka | एक S. and H. | one | egy. | |||
| idam | इदं S. | this | ez. | |||
| hinsâ | हिंसा S. | injury | kinzás. | |||
| hinsati | हिंसति S. | injures | kinoz, kinzani. | |||
| hansa | हंस S. | a gander | gantzi. | |||
| hâsya | हास्य S. | laughter | kaczagás. | |||
| hazâr | ![]() | हज़ार H. | ![]() | one thousand | ezer. | |
| सहस्र S. | ||||||
| Himavat | हिमवत् S. | Himālaya range | havas. | |||
| himâgama | हिमागम S. | cold season | téli idöszak. | |||
| hikkati | हिक्कति S. | hiccoughs | csuklik (csuklani). | |||
| hûṇa | हूण S. | a barbarian | hun. | |||
| hûnkâra | हूङ्कार S. | uttering the sound of a hûn | hun nyelven beszélni. | |||
| ûna (Hún?) | ऊन S. | to decrease | megfogyni, kevesbedni. | |||
| hasati | हसति S. | laughs | kaczag. | |||
| halabhṛit | हलभृत् S. | name of Balarâma | eke-tartó. | |||
| chashaka | चषक S. | a cup | csésze. | |||
| chakra | चक्र S. | a wheel | kerék. | |||
| chakra; circus, circulus, cherk, in Russian; in Magyar: kerek, kerék, kör, kert, kerület, keritni, kerülni, kerités. | ||||||
| chhatra | छत्र S. | a parasol | sátor, ernyö. | |||
| chhala | छल S. | deceit | csalás. | |||
| chamû | चमू S. | multitude; an army | csomó, sokaság. | |||
| chîkayati | चीकयति S. | touches, tickles | csikland. | |||
| chyâvayati | च्यावयति S. | scorns | csúfol. | |||
| chinoti | चिनोति S. | assembles, v.n. | gyül. | |||
| chayayati | चययति S. | assembles, v.a. | gyüjt. | |||
| chapayati | चपयति S. | assembles, v.c. | gyüjtet. | |||
| cheṭa, cheḍa | चेट, चेड S. | servant | cseléd. [[222]] | |||
| garta | गर्त S. | hole in the ground | gödör. | |||
| galhate | गल्हते S. | blames | gyaláz. | |||
| gohannam | गोहन्नं S. | cow-dung | ganéj. | |||
| ghagghati | घग्घति S. | derides | kaczag. | |||
| ghâtayan | घातयन् S. | killer | katona. | |||
| (îsh) îshṭe | (ईश्) ईष्टे S. | rules | uralkodik. | |||
| Îsha | ईश S. | name of Siva | Siva isten neve. | |||
| îshîtâ | ईशीता S. | superiority | uralkodás, felsöbbség. | |||
| îshitṛi, îshitâ | ईशितृ, ईशिता S. | owner | tulajdonos, úr. | |||
| Sikandar | सिकन्दर H. | Alexander | Sándor. | |||
| îḍ, îṭṭe | ईड्, ईट्टे S. | praises, greets | üdvözöl. | |||
| îrte | ![]() | ईर्ते S. | ![]() | goes | jár. | |
| îrayati | ईरयति S. | |||||
| îyate | ईयते S. | |||||
| yâti | याति S. | walks | jár. | |||
| yâ, yâti | या, याति S. | to go | jár. | |||
| itastatas | इतस्ततः S. | here and there | ide’s tova. | |||
| îrayati | ईरयति S. | lets go | jártat. | |||
| iti | इति S. | thus | igy. | |||
| îrshya | ईर्श्य S. | envy | irigység. | |||
| îshṭe | ईष्टे S. | rules (to be a god) | uralkodni, Isten, lenni. | |||
| ishṭam | इष्टं S. | (the desired) God | Isten. | |||
| yazdân | يزدان P. | God | Isten. | |||
| uru, vṛihat | उरु, वृहत् S. | great, a giant | úr, hatalmas. | |||
| urvîsha | उर्वीश S. | proprietor | órias. | |||
| vahanam | वहनं S. | drawing, carrying | vinni, vonni. | |||
| vasanam, vastra | वसनं, वस्त्र S. | the cloth, linen | vászon. | |||
| varaṇa | वरण S. | defence | óltalom. | |||
| Jegyz: Varna. | ||||||
| vâdayati | वादयति S. | accuses | vádol. | |||
| vachaknu | वचक्नु S. | gossiping | fecsegö. | |||
| -wâlâ | ॰वाला H. | belonging to a place or country | hová való. [[223]] | |||
| vyâdha | व्याध S. | a hunter | vadász. | |||
| vṛika | वृक S. | a wolf | farkas. | |||
| (?) utsa | उत्स ? | street | utcza. | |||
| uras | उरस् S. | great | nagy úr. | |||
| varyya | वर्य्य S. | the chief | vajda. | |||
| (?) varabala | वरबल S. | powerful | (?) verböltz. | |||
| jalnâ | जल्ना H. | to ignite, v.n. | gyúlni. | |||
| jalânâ | जलाना H. | to ignite, v.a. | gyujtani. | |||
| jalwânâ | जलवाना H. | to burn, v.c. | gyujtatni. | |||
| jwalati | ज्वलति S. | shines, burns | fénylik, gyúl. | |||
| jwalana | ज्वलन S. | lighting | meggyúl. | |||
| jayati | जयति S. | conquers, is victorious | gyöz, gyözelmes. | |||
| jaya | जय S. | name of Yudhishthira | Gyözö, Geyza. | |||
| yavana | यवन S. | a stranger | jövevény. | |||
| yudh | युध् S. | war | had, háború. | |||
| naḍa | नड S. | a reed | nád. | |||
| naḍvat | नड्वत् S. | abounding in reeds | nádas. | |||
| na | न S., H. | no, not | ne, nem. | |||
| nápi | नापि S. | not even | nem éppen. | |||
| nâma | नाम S. | is it not? | nem é? | |||
| nacha | नच S. | nor, neither | nem is. | |||
| nanu | ननु S. | is it not? | nem é? | |||
| nirarthaka | निरर्थक S. | unmeaning | érthetetlen. | |||
| mâyate, mâti | मायते, माति S. | measures | mér. | |||
| mushka | मुष्क S. | a strong man, a thief | erös ember, tolvaj. | |||
| N.B.—muszka. | ||||||
| mṛiga | मृग S. | deer | szarvas, vad. | |||
| mṛigayati | मृगयति S. | sports | vadász. | |||
| mṛigayâ | मृगया S. | a chase | vadászat. | |||
| mṛigayu | मृगयु S. | a hunter | vadász. | |||
| mṛiduromavat | मृदुरोमवत् S. | fine haired, a hare | finom szörü, nyúl. | |||
| măyănâ | मयना H. | a maina (Gracula religiosa) | szajkó. | |||
| N.B.—majom, majmolni- | ||||||
| kansa | कंस S. | goblet | kancsó. [[224]] | |||
| kupatha | कुपथ S. | a hilly tract, a difficult path | kárpát, hegyes. | |||
| kinchit | किञ्चित् S. | little | kicsi. | |||
| kara | कर S. | arm, hand | kar, kéz. | |||
| kukkuṭa | कुक्कुट S. | a cock | kakas. | |||
| kashâya | कषाय S. | bitter | keserü. | |||
| kûpa | कूप S. | a well | kút. | |||
| kilâsa | किलास S. | a boil | kelés. | |||
| kiki | किकि S. | a blue jay | kék szajkó. | |||
| kukara | कुकर S. | having a crooked arm | görbe karú. | |||
| kakkati | कक्कति S. | derides | kaczag, gunyol. | |||
| (?) kikkati | to cough | köhögni. | ||||
| koṛh | कोढ़ H. | leprosy | kór. | |||
| kim | किम् S. | who | ki. | |||
| kshomam | क्षोमं S. | silk | selyem. | |||
| kapha | कफ S. | phlegm, spittle | köp. | |||
| karpûra | कर्पूर S. | camphor | kámfor. | |||
| kalasha | कलश S. | a goblet | kulacs. | |||
| khara-nakhara | खरनखर S. | sharp-nailed | köröm, körmös. | |||
| khyöd | ཁྱོད་ (Tibetan) | you | kend, kegyelmed. | |||
| kashchit | कश्चित् S. | who? what? | kicsoda? micsoda? | |||
| kishora | किशोर S. | a youth | kis úr. | |||
| kîrtita | कीर्तित S. | celebrated | hirdetett (megkürtölt). | |||
| kîrtti | कीर्त्ति S. | fame | hir. | |||
| khatam | खतं S. | a pond | gödör. | |||
| kis kâ | किस का H. | whose | kié. | |||
| kis ko | किस को H. | to whom | kinek. | |||
| kula | कुल S. | a family | család. | |||
| sakula | सकुल S. | belonging to the same family | ugyan azon családból való, székely? | |||
| paṇa, dhana | पण, धन S. | money, coin | pénz. | |||
| pachati | पचति S. | ![]() | to cook, to boil | ![]() | föni. | |
| pachayati | पचयति S. | fözni. | ||||
| pachayat | पचयत् S. | fözetni. | ||||
| patati | पतति S. | carries | viszen, szál. | |||
| patayati | पतयति S. | makes over (to) | szálit. [[225]] | |||
| pâtayati | पातयति S. | delivers | szálittat. | |||
| patha | पथ S. | road | út. | |||
| pathati | पथति S. | travels | utazik. | |||
| pathayati | पथयति S. | causes to travel | utaztat. | |||
| panthati | पन्थति S. | ![]() | shows the way | utasít. | ||
| panthayati | पन्थयति S. | |||||
| pathin | पथिन् S. | ![]() | traveller | ![]() | utas. | |
| pathika | पथिक S. | utazó. | ||||
| pathila | पथिल S. | wayfarer | utazó. | |||
| pathika santati | पथिकसन्तति S. | a caravan | utitársaság. | |||
| padika | पदिक S. | ![]() | a footman | ![]() | gyalogos. | |
| a pedestrian | ||||||
| padâsanam | पदासनं S. | footstool | lábszék, zsámoly. | |||
| pachaka | पचक S. | a cook | szakács. | |||
| pachaka strî | पचकस्त्री S. | a female cook | fözö asszony. | |||
| (?) Pârthus | पार्थुः S. | a rebel | pártütö, pártos. | |||
| N.B.—Parthi exules Scytharum (Justinianus). | ||||||
| palâla | पलाल S. | straw, stubble | polyva, szalma. | |||
| pataka | पतक S. | that which falls or descends, a torrent | a mi esik, patak. | |||
| pachaka | पचक S. | earthen vessel | fazék. | |||
| pâṇḍu | पाण्डु S. | clothed in yellowish white | (?) pandúr. | |||
| paṭa | पट S. | cloth | posztó. | |||
| shîrshaka | शीर्षक S. | a helmet | sisak. | |||
| suta | सुत S. | a son | szülött, szülni. | |||
| sû | सू | parturition | szülés. | |||
| sauchika | सौचिक S. | a tailor | szabó. | |||
| sûchi | सूचि S. | a needle | tü (talán szöcs?). | |||
| (sû) savanam | (सू) सवनं S. | to bring forth | szülni. | |||
| suhṛita | सुहृत S. | a lover | szeretö. | |||
| sûta | सूत S. | born | szülte, szülött. | |||
| shakaṭa | शकट S. | a cart, carriage | szekér. | |||
| sabhâ | सभा S. | a gathering of people, a room | szoba. [[226]] | |||
| shobhâ | शोभा S. | beauty | szépség. | |||
| sankaṭa | सङ्कट S. | narrow | szük. | |||
| sevati | सेवति S. | serves | szolgál. | |||
| sûshati | सूषति S. | brings forth | szül. | |||
| skhadate | स्खदते S. | tears | szakad. | |||
| (?) sabdati | to destroy, to defeat | leszabdalni. | ||||
| shwasati | श्वसति S. | breathes | szuszog. | |||
| sahate | सहते S. | bears | szül. | |||
| sau | सौ H. | one hundred | száz. | |||
| sa | स S. | he | az. | |||
| sabala | सबल S. | one with an army, with a force or power | (?) szabolcs. | |||
| shikhâ | शिखा S. | a stack or covered heap | (fedél) asztag. | |||
| (?) sakti | island | sziget. | ||||
| sukṛita | सुकृत S. | virtuous | erényes. | |||
| suhṛida | सुहृद S. | ![]() | lover, tender, compassionate | szeretö. | ||
| surata | सुरत S. | |||||
| sûrya | सूर्य्य S. | the sun | nap. | |||
| sûryâvartta | सूर्य्यावर्त्त S. | sunflower | napraforgó. | |||
| sevaka | सेवक S. | servant | szolga. | |||
| salavaṇa | सलवण S. | salted | szalonna. | |||
| dwâram | द्वारं S. | a courtyard | udvar. | |||
| dharati | धरति S. | holds | tart. | |||
| dadâti | ददाति S. | gives, contributes | adakozik. | |||
| dasha | दश S. | ten | tiz. | |||
| dhṛi | धृ S. | to hold, to retain | tartani. | |||
| N.B.—Examine these roots for all derivatives; e.g., “dhṛita-râshṭra,” the holder of a kingdom, a sovereign, a ruler, országtartó. | ||||||
| N.B.—dhar, in Hungarian: tart; tartani, tartozni, tartózkodni, tartás, tartomány, tartozó, tarlatik, &c. | ||||||
| dhwani | ध्वनि S. | a sound | zaj, moraj. | |||
| (?) Duna | Danube. [[227]] | |||||
| (?) lip | लिप | to stride | lépni. | |||
| (Conjugate this verb.) | ||||||
| Loma-pâda | लोमपाद S. | King of Anga, Bhaugulpore is its capital. | ||||
| N.B.—Árpád. | ||||||
Csoma affixed a remarkable note at the end of this paper, in the following words: Materiam dedi, formam habetis, quærite gloriam si placet! [[229]]
[1] A shelter, a house; in Tibetan, Khyim. [↑]
[2] The ten commandments of Buddha are these:—
1. Not to kill. 2. Not to steal. 3. Not to commit adultery. 4. Not to tell falsehood. 5. Not to use abusive language. 6. Not to speak nonsense. 7. Not to slander. 8. Not to be covetous. 9. Not to bear malice. 10. Not to be stubborn in a wrong principle. [↑]



