Battle Field of Ping-Yang,[Frontispiece].
Battle of the Yalu,[21]
The Fight of Ping-Yang,[28]
Chinese Musician,[32]
Chinese Idea of Creation,[35]
Emperor Shun Plowing,[36]
View from Summer Palace, Peking,[37]
Chinese Temple,[42]
Image of Confucius,[46]
Manchoorian Ministers,[48]
Great Wall of China,[50]
Buddhist Priest,[52]
Chinese Archers,[57]
Chinese Writer,[59]
Chinese Cannoniers,[64]
Ancient Chinese Arch,[65]
A Chinese Lodging House,[70]
Chinese Priest,[75]
Man of Swatow,[76]
Chinese Paper-Maker,[79]
Chinese Peasant, Peiho District,[82]
Battle of Crickets,[85]
Chinese Mandarin,[87]
Gate at Peking,[89]
Opium Smokers,[92]
Chinese Miners,[101]
Chinese Farm Scene,[108]
Chinese Tea Farm,[109]
Chinese Street Scene,[111]
Chinese Farmer,[113]
An Imperial Audience,[117]
Preparation of Vermicelli,[119]
Chinese Ladies,[122]
Palanquin of a High Official,[125]
The Governor of a Province,[126]
Punishment by the Gangue,[130]
Flogging a Culprit,[131]
Outside Peking,[134]
Discipline on the March in the Chinese Army,[143]
A Typhoon,[150]
Bandaging the Feet,[151]
The Seat of the War,[156]
The Punishments of Hell,[158]
Chinese Cart,[162]
School Boy,[163]
Chinese School,[164]
Chinese Engineers Laying a Military Telegraph,[165]
Chinese School Girl,[167]
Chinese Artist,[168]
Chinese[Chinese] Barber,[169]
[Female Types and Costumes,[facing 170]]
Porter’s Chair,[171]
Chinese Emperor, King of Corea, and Chinese Officials,[175]
Buddhist Temple,[178]
Temple of Five Hundred Gods, at Canton,[181]
Japanese Musician,[184]
The Mikado and his Principal Officers,[187]
Japanese God of Thunder,[189]
Japanese God of Riding,[190]
Japanese Peasantry,[192]
Japanese God of War,[196]
Tokio Types and Costumes,[198]
Japanese Musician,[199]
Japanese Silk Spinner,[200]
Colossal Japanese Image,[205]
Japanese Female Types,[207]
Shinto Temple,[209]
Japanese God of Wind,[211]
Daimios of Japan,[212]
Sketch Showing Development of Japanese Army,[213]
Buddhist Priest,[215]
Japanese Junk,[218]
Old Time Japanese Ferry,[220]
Scenes of Industrial Life,[221]
Japanese Bell Towers,[229]
Image of Buddha,[232]
Japanese Samurai or Warrior of the Old Time,[233]
Japanese General of the Old Time,[234]
Japanese Bridge,[235]
Baptism of Buddha,[240]
Woman of Court of Kioto,[249]
Chinese Coolie,[254]
Japanese Gymnasts—Kioto,[256]
Formosan Type,[258]
Entrance to Nagasaki Harbor,[261]
Fuji-yama,[267]
Japanese Idols,[272]
Japanese Jugglers,[277]
Japanese Court Dress, Old Style,[281]
Council of War on a Japanese Battle-Ship,[284]
Dressing the Hair,[287]
Child Carrying Baby,[291]
The Chinese Fleet at Wei-hai-wei,[293]
Japanese Bath,[296]
Japanese Couch,[299]
Sketches in Japan and Corea,[304]
Geisha Girls Playing Japanese Musical Instruments,[307]
Japanese Alphabet, New,[308]
Japanese Alphabet, Old,[309]
Shinto Priest,[311]
Japanese Troops Landing at Chemulpo,[313]
Street Scenes,[316]
The Ainos,[319]
Rats as Rice Merchants,[321]
Corean Landscape,[324]
Raw Levies for the Chinese Army,[326]
Pagoda at Seoul,[333]
Corean Soldiers,[334]
Fighting Before the Gate of Seoul,[335]
Old Man in Corea,[337]
Coast Near Chemulpo,[342]
Corean Mandarins,[347]
Colossal Corean Idol—Un-jin Miriok,[358]
Map Showing Japan, Corea and Part of China,[368]
Corean Bull Harrowing,[375]
Corean City Wall,[376]
Chinese Protected Cruiser Chih-Yuen,[377]
Gate of Seoul,[381]
Naval Attack on the Chen-Yuen Before Chemulpo,[384]
Corean Magistrate and Servant,[387]
Japanese Naval Attack on Forts at Wei-hai-wei,[390]
Statesman on Monocycle,[393]
Corean Brush Cutter,[394]
Porters With Chair,[395]
Japanese Warship, “Yoshino,”[399]
Corean Boat,[403]
The Battle at Asan,[405]
Corean Eggseller,[407]
Japanese Soldiers Descending from the Castle at Fenghwang,[412]
Corean Band of Musicians,[413]
Japanese Coolies Following the Army,[418]
Japanese Army at Chiu-lien-cheng,[421]
The Corean Regent,[424]
Corean Natives Viewing Japanese Soldiers,[427]
Sinking of the Kow-shing,[432]
Mr. Otori Before the Commissioners,[434]
Japanese Army on the March,[436]
Procession in Seoul,[439]
After the Battle,[441]
The Attack on Ping-Yang,[448]
Opening the Gates at Ping-Yang,[454]
Fighting at Foochow,[463]
Capture of Ping-Yang,[469]
First Sight of Ping-Yang,[473]
Battle of the Yalu—Sinking of the Chih-Yuen,[476]
Bringing in the Wounded,[478]
The Mikado Reviewing the Army,[480]
Corean Police Agent,[481]
Japanese Kitchen in Camp,[482]
Japanese Soldier Saluting a Field Cemetery,[484]
Crowd in Tokio Looking at Pictures of the War,[485]
Japanese Ambulance Officer,[487]
Chinamen Mutilating Remains of Japanese Soldiers,[488]
The Ping-Yuen,[489]
The Yoshino,[494]
Japanese Advance at the Crossing of the Yalu River,[496]
The Matsusima,[497]
H. Sakomoto,[498]
Japanese Infantry Attacking a Chinese Position,[505]
Principal Street of Mukden,[509]
Chinese Troops Trying to Save Their Artillery,[512]
Transporting Chinese Troops,[513]
Japanese Military Hospital,[515]
Review of Chinese Troops at Port Arthur,[518]
Japanese Soldiers Digging Well,[521]
Constantine von Hannecken,[526]
The Attack on Port Arthur,[527]
Surrender of Chinese General and Staff,[533]
Map of Territory Adjacent to the Mouth of the Yalu,[535]
Japanese Army Crossing the Yalu on a Pontoon Bridge,[537]
The Japanese at Port Arthur,[540]
Sinking of the Kow-shing,[547]
Naval Skirmish July 25th,[548]
Routed Chinese Flying Before the Victorious Enemy,[549]
Skirmish on July 27th,[551]
Before the Wall of Seoul,[552]
Japanese Cavalrymen,[558]
Port Arthur—Transports Entering the Inner Harbor,[560]
General Nodzu,[562]
Chinese Earthworks,[564]
View of Talien-wan Bay,[565]
Port Arthur—Japanese Coolies Removing Chinese Dead,[569]
Japanese Skirmishers before Port Arthur,[577]
Retreat of Chinese Soldiers After the Fall of Port Arthur,[580]
Japanese Soldiers Removing Dead Bodies,[581]
Japanese Attack on Port Arthur,[587]
The Attack on Kinchow,[589]
Port Arthur from the Bay,[593]
Japanese Soldiers Mutilating Bodies,[599]
Marshal Oyama,[603]
Chang Yen Hoon,[610]
Distant View of Wei-hai-wei and its Surroundings,[630]
Admiral McClure,[639]
Japanese Soldiers Escorting Chinese Prisoners,[640]
Chinese Soldiers on the March,[645]
Chinese Soldier Laden with Provision,[649]
Gap in the Great Wall at Shan-hai-kwan,[653]

INTRODUCTION.

The unexpected news of war between the Mikado’s Empire and the Celestial Kingdom has startled the whole world. Thereby considerable light was thrown upon the Oriental world.

Japan, up to a very short time ago, through the pen and tongue of poets and artists, who have visited this land, has been thought to be merely a country of beautiful flowers, charming mademoiselles, fantastic parasols, fans and screens. Such misrepresentation has long impressed the western mind, and the people hardly imagined Japan as a political power, enlightened by a perfect educational system and developed to a high pitch of excellence in naval and military arts.

The war in the East is certainly interesting from more than one point of view. Viewing it from the humane standpoint, Japan is, indeed, the true standard-bearer of civilization and progress in the far east. Her mission is to enlighten the millions of slumbering souls in the Celestial Kingdom, darkened for generations. Politically, she, with her enterprising genius, youthful courage and alert brain, as well as the art and science of civilization, has lifted herself into the ranks of the most powerful nations of the earth, and compelled the whole of the western powers to reckon her as a “living force,” as she has proved her right to a proud place among the chief powers of the world. Commercially, she has demonstrated herself the mistress of the Pacific and Asiatic Seas.

From the outbreak of the war all the civilized nations, except England, have sympathized with Japan, especially the people of America have given a strong moral support to Japan, not because this country is the warmest friend of Japan, but because Japan is, to-day, the propagandist of civilization and humanity in the far east.

At the beginning of the hostilities a majority of the people had an erroneous idea that the overwhelming population and resources of China would soon be able to crush the Island Empire of Japan; but they overlooked the fact that in our day it is science, brains and courage, together with the perfected organization of warfare that grasp the palm of victory. Thousands of sheep could do nothing against a ferocious wolf. So the numerical comparison has but little weight.

Some sagacious writer compared Japan to a lively swordfish and China to a jellyfish, being punctured at every point. Truly Japan has proved it so.

From the sinking of the Kow-shing transport, up to the present time, Japan has an unbroken series of victories over China. At the battle of Asan she gained the first brilliant victories and swept all the Chinese put of Corea, and at Ping-Yang, by both tactics and superb strategy, crushed the best army of China, which Li Hung Chang brought up to the greatest efficiency, by the aid of many European officers, as if it had been an egg shell. Again, at the mouth of the Yalu River, she gained a brilliant naval victory over China, by completely destroying the Ping-Yang squadron. Once more on the land the Japanese army stormed Port Arthur, the strongest naval fort, known as the Gibraltar of China.

All these facts are viewed with amazement by the eyes of the world. For all that the people know about Japan and the Japanese is that the people of Japan are very artistic, as the producers of beautiful porcelain, embroidery, lacquer work and all sorts of artistic fancy goods, and they wonder how it is possible that such an artistic people as the Japanese could fight against sober, calm Chinamen. But such an erroneous notion would soon vanish if they came to learn the true nature and character of the Japanese.