A. Head Pruning: Vase-form
| 1. High trunk: 2. Medium trunk: 3. Low trunk: | with | (a) Fruit spurs or (b) Half-long canes and renewal spurs or (c) Fruit canes and renewal spurs; canes vertical or bowed. |
B. Head Pruning: Fan-shaped; Trellised
- 1. High trunk: Fruit canes and renewal spurs; canes descending.
- 2. Medium trunk: Fruit canes and renewal spurs; canes horizontal or ascending.
C. Cordon Pruning
- 1. Vertical: Spur; half-long; cane.
- 2. Horizontal-unilateral: Spur; half-long; cane.
- 3. Horizontal-bilateral: Spur; half-long; cane.
All possible combinations indicated by this table represent 24 variations. Some of these combinations, however, are not used and some are rare. The most common are shown in Figs. [23], [24], [25], [26] and [27].
[Figure 23] B represents a headed, vase-formed vine, with a medium trunk and short fruit spurs. This is the most common system used in all parts of California and is suited for all small growing vines which bear on the lower buds, for most wine grapes and for Muscats. The unit of pruning in this case is a fruit spur of 1, 2, or 3 internodes, according to the vigor of the variety and of the individual cane.
[Figure 23] A differs from [23] B only in the higher trunk and longer arms. It is commonly used for Tokay and other large growing varieties, especially when growing in rich soil and when planted far apart.