The Conquest of the River Plate (1535-1555)

by Ulrich Schmidel; active 16th century Alvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca

A.

• Abacoten, Indian chief, [132]
• Abangobi, Indian chief, [111]
• Abipones, Indian tribe, [xxxvi], [16]
• Abrego, Diego de, quarrels with Francisco de Mendoza, [78] seq.;
  • his name also written Abreu and Abriego, [79];
  • his cousins marry Irala’s daughters, [79] seq.
• Aburuñes, [266]
• Achkere. See [Aracaré]
• Achkeres, why so called, [42];
  • no tribe of that name, [ib.]
• Acosta, Diego de, [240]
• ——, Gonzalo de, [122]
• ——, author of “History of the Indies” referred to, [66]
• Acuña, Hector de, [207]
• Adelantado, the title, [xv], [35], [96]
• Agazes, Indian tribe (Aygais), [xxxvi], [16], [18];
  • their war with the Spaniards, [18] seq.;
  • their place, [19], [22], [23], [54], [131];
  • their treatment of captives, [ib.];
  • their wars, [131] seq.;
  • peace with, [132] seq.;
  • peace broken by, [150] seq.; [153];
  • judgment passed on, [158], [238];
  • expedition to punish, [239]
• Alabos, Indian chief, [132]
• Alcalde Mayor, [158]
• Algarroba, the seed of the carob-tree, [18]
• All Saints’ Eve, [33], [165]
• Almenza, Martin de, [136], [137], [159]
• Almirante (Almiranda), a Spanish title, [89]
• Alvar Nunez. See [Cabeza de Vaca]
• Amazon, [xxxiii]
• Amazons, [xxxix], riches of, [45];
  • reports concerning, [45] seq.;
  • island inhabited by, [46], note, [ib.];
  • their king’s name, [ib.]; [48]
• America, partition of, [xxi];
  • trade with, [xxiv];
  • general language of, [xxxiii]
• Amida. See [Sheep]
• Amne. See [Sheep]
• Anchieta, the missionary, [xxxiii]
• Andalusia, [5]
• Andes, Cordillera of, [xxxiii], [xxxvi]
• Andrada, Francisco d’, [159], [251]
• Angelis, Don Pedro de, editor of Schmidt’s voyage referred to, [xxiii]
• Anghiera, Pedro Martyr de, [xxv]
• Angra, justice of, [261]
• Añiriri, Indian chief, [107]
• Anta, or Tapir. See [Sheep]
• Antilles, sea of the, [xxxiii]
• Antorff. See [Antwerp]
• Ants, red and black, [200];
  • antidote against stings of, [ib.]
• Antwerp, [xv], [xxiv], [1], [81], [88], [91]
• Anzures, Pero, Gobernacion of, [65];
  • sent to conquer Chunchos, [73], note
• Aracaré (Achkere), Indian chief, [37], [160];
  • his treachery, [161] seq., [163];
  • executed by Spaniards, [164]
• Argentina, pampas of, [xxxiii]
• Argentina, poem, [10]
• Arianicosies, Indian tribe, [223], [224], [226], [233]
• Armenta, Bernardo de, a Franciscan friar, [100], [105], [116], [136], [159], [175];
  • leaves the country, [250]
• Armeven (Armuia), [91]
• Aroaz, Juan de, notary, [108]
• Arquebusiers, [107], [177]
• Arroba, a Spanish weight, [195]
• Arrows made of cane, [11]
• Artaneses, Indian tribe, [212]
• Arthus, Prof. Gotard, [xxii]
• Arumaya river, [73]
• Ascension. See [Asuncion]
• Asher, J., his essay on “Hulsius’s Voyages” referred to, [xxx]
• Assumption, Feast of the, [22]
• Asuelles. See [Anzures]
• Asuncion (Desumsion), city of, [xxii];
  • founded, [22], note; [24], [27], [28], [35];
  • distance from Santa Catalina, [36]; [38], [39], [51], [57], [59], [61];
  • latitude of, [74];
  • besieged, [79]; [81], [86];
  • always Ascension in the Commentaries, [102], [103], [104], [105], [109], [115], [118], [122], [123], [124], [125], [127], [128], [132], [134], [135], [137], [138], [149], [156], [157], [160], [161], [164], [165], [166];
  • fire at, [ib.];
  • rebuilt, [167]; [173], [177], [179], [180], [181];
  • return of expedition to, [237] seq., [239], [260], [263]
• Atabare, or Tabaré, Indian chief, his hostility to the Spaniards, [170] seq., [180];
  • offers to accompany the expedition, [181]
• Ave Maria, [142]
• Aygais. See [Agazes]
• Ayolas (Eyollas), Juan de, [xxvi], [xxvii], [6];
  • placed in command, [12]; [13], [14];
  • sails up Paraná, [ib.];
  • takes Lambaré, [21], [22]; [23], [24], [26];
  • death of, [27], [62];
  • sick Spaniards left by, [70], [102], [103], [109], [123], [124], [182], [185], [186], [187]
• Azara, Don Felix de, his opinion of Schmidt’s voyage, [xxxv], [4]

B.

• Bachacheis. See [Mbaiás]
• Bachereos. See [Xarayos]
• Bachkeku or wacheku. See [Bananas]
• Bagenberg, [25]
• Bananas, [63]
• Barba, Don Diego de, [146]
• Barbacoas or parrillas for roasting meat, [154]
• Barchkonis, [66], [68]
• Barcia, de, his translation referred to, [xxiii], [6], [35], [37], [65]
• Barco Centenera, the pseudo-poet, [10]
• Bareia, [81]
• Barter trade, [15]
• Batates. See [Guatatas]
• Bats, vampire, [199] seq.
• Beni, River, [73]
• Bermejo, Rio (Red River), [19]
• Bigg-Wither, referred to, [108]
• Black River, the lagoon, [195]
• Blood of wild beasts drank by Indians, [7]
• Blue stone worn in lip, [72]
• Boa, the, [84]
• Boar, wild, [15], [19], [118], [135]
• Bodelle. See [Rodela]
• Bonas Aeieres. See [Buenos Ayres]
• Bone Speranso. See [Buena Esperanza]
• Brabant, [91]
• Bravo, Anton, bastinadoed, [252]
• Brazil, [xiv], [xviii];
  • the name, [xxii], [32], [35], [175], [176], [190], [250]
• Brazilian (Brazil) wood, [xxii], [xxviii], [85], [86]
• Breastplates on horses, [146]
• Bresa, Baron de la, [xxiv]
• Brigantines (Parchkadienes), [xxvi], [10], [12], [13], [21], [28], [34], [37], [39], [40], [49], [51], [59], [62], [162]
• Buena Esperanza, or Corpus Christi, founded by Mendoza, [15], note, [22]
• Buenos Ayres (Bonas Aeires), Santa Maria de, foundation of, [xxvi], [7];
  • besieged, [11]; [31], [32], [33], [34], [36];
  • province of, [81]; [101], [102], [103], [104], [106];
  • abandoned, [xvi], [123], [124], [125];
  • relief sent to, [127], seq.; [164], [165],
  • measures to re-establish, [165]
• Bull, Papal, [xxi]
• Bullets, stone, [8]
• Burton, Sir Richard, his edition of Hans Stade referred to, [xviii]

C.

• Cabeza de Vaca, Alvar Nuñez, his parentage, [xiii], [xvi];
  • opposed by Irala, [ib.];
  • judgment and acquittal of, [xvii];
  • Commentaries of, [ib.]; [xviii], [xx], [xxvii];
  • route opened by, [xviii], [xx], [xxx];
  • referred to, [27], [35] seq.;
  • Schmidt’s opinion of, [35], note, [41], [49], [51], [52];
  • arrest and imprisonment of, [52] seq.;
  • is sent to Spain, [53];
  • honesty and capacity of, [ib.], note;
  • horrible treatment suffered by, [ib.];
  • his captivity in Florida, [95];
  • returns to Spain, [ib.];
  • offers to lead a relief expedition, [ib.];
  • appointed Adelantado, [96];
  • equips at his own cost an expedition, [ib.];
  • vessels bought by, [ib.];
  • is detained in Cadiz, [ib.];
  • sets sail, [ib.];
  • arrives at La Palma, [ib.];
  • sails towards Cape Verd, [ib.];
  • takes possession of Cananea, [99];
  • arrives at Santa Catalina, [ib.];
  • disembarks his people, [100];
  • treats Indians kindly, [ib.], [107];
  • protects monks, [101];
  • clothes Spanish refugees, [103] seq.;
  • hastens to Asuncion, [104];
  • opens route overland, [ib.];
  • leaves Santa Catalina, [106];
  • begins his march, [ib.];
  • enters the interior, [107];
  • discovers Indian settlements, [ib.];
  • takes possession of territory for king, [107];
  • his name, [108];
  • his generosity to Indians, [109];
  • protects natives, [109] seq.;
  • writes to Asuncion, [118];
  • descends the Yguazú, [120];
  • orders rafts to be made, [121];
  • arrives at Asuncion, [125];
  • shows his credentials, [ib.];
  • recognised as governor, [ib.];
  • his orders to rebuild Buenos Ayres, [128];
  • summons meeting of clergy, [128];
  • assembles native vassals, [129];
  • makes peace with Agazes, [132];
  • clothes needy Spaniards, [134];
  • reduces taxation, [ib.];
  • arrests officers, [ib.];
  • consults clergy, [136] seq.;
  • leads expedition against Guaycurús, [139];
  • narrow escape of, [143];
  • restores order in his troops, [ib.];
  • his dispositions for attack, [146];
  • inquires into the acts of the Agazes, [151];
  • receives the submission of Guaycurús, [154];
  • sends further relief to Buenos Ayres, [159];
  • prepares to explore province, [159] seq.;
  • orders vessels to be built, [162];
  • returns thanks for safety of Spaniards, [166];
  • supplies destitute Spaniards, [167];
  • assembles clergy and officers, [168];
  • orders brigantines to be equipped, [169];
  • supports friendly Indians, [170];
  • writes to Irala, [173];
  • animosity against, [175];
  • orders depositions to be taken, [176];
  • starts on voyage of discovery, [177];
  • builds a church, [ib.];
  • reaches Tapua, [178];
  • stays at Itapuan, [183];
  • treats with Payaguás, [186] seq.;
  • orders soundings to be taken, [191];
  • speaks with Guaxarapos, [192];
  • takes possession of Los Reyes, [198];
  • cautions Spaniards and Guaranís, [198];
  • bitten by a vampire bat, [199] seq.;
  • holds a council, [205];
  • decides on an advance, [215];
  • arrives at Rio Caliente, [216];
  • is advised to return, [220];
  • sends Ribera to Tapuá, [221];
  • summons chiefs of Los Reyes, [222];
  • sends for provisions, [223];
  • sends Hernando Ribera to the Xarayes, [225];
  • recalls Mendoza, [233];
  • falls sick with fever, [236];
  • remains at Los Reyes, [237];
  • orders Indian girls to be restored, [237];
  • returns to Asuncion, [238];
  • conspiracy against, [239] seq.;
  • his property seized, [242];
  • his life threatened, [245];
  • his imprisonment, [247];
  • corresponds with his friends, [247] seq.;
  • asks for a confessor, [251], [253];
  • appoints a deputy, [257];
  • is chained on the brigantine, [257];
  • poison administered to, [259];
  • his chains filed asunder, [260];
  • arrives at the Azores, [261];
  • in Spain, [ib.];
  • is arrested and kept a prisoner eight years, [262];
  • acquitted and released, [ib.];
  • losses sustained by, [ib.]
• Cabeza de Vaca, Pedro Estopiñan, nephew of Alvar Nuñez, sent by sea to Buenos Ayres, [36], [106], [107];
  • arrives at Asuncion, [164];
  • his report, [ib.];
  • seized and put in irons, [258];
  • sent to Spain, [ib.]
• Cabot, Sebastian, expedition under, [xiv], [xxv];
  • fort of, [15];
  • referred to, [202]
• Cabrera (Gabrero), Alonso, arrives from Spain, [14], [32], [33], [52], [125];
  • letter signed by, [165]; [240], [243], [256], [259];
  • files the governor’s chains asunder, [260];
  • loses his reason and kills his wife, [262]
• ——, Antonio, [37]
• Caceres, Felipe de, [52];
  • sent to the La Plata, [101], [104], [125];
  • accompanies expedition, [177]; [240]
• Cacocies Chaneses. See [Xarayes]
• Cactus hedge round Indian village, [67]
• Cadiz (Calles), [1], [88], [90], [98]
• Caguazú, Indian settlement, [136], [137]
• Calderon, [31]
• Calles. See [Cadiz]
• Camire, Indian chief, [211], [212], [265]
• Camoati, Guaraní word for beehives, [77]
• Campo, el (the plain), [104], [107]
• Camus, M., his collection of voyages referred to, [xxxiv]
• Cananea, [36], [99], [100]
• Canaria, [96]
• Canary Islands, their distance from San Lucar, [2]; [4]
• Candelaria, port of, [102], [185];
  • latitude of, [186];
  • now Corumbá, [ib.]
• Candirées, Indian tribe, [203], [232]
• Cannibalism, remarks on, [xxxvi] seq.;
  • denied by the editor of this book, [xxxviii];
  • Schmidt’s notices of, [20];
  • C. de Vaca’s notices of, [129], [234], [254]
• Canoes, [13];
  • swiftness of, [193];
  • large, [194]
• Cape Verde, [96], [261];
  • islands, [4], [97], [98]
• Capibara, or Capincho, water-hog, [184];
  • chase of, [ib.]
• Capitana, name of ship, [96], [124], [127]
• Captives in war, treatment of, [20], [129] seq.
• Caracas, province of, [xxiv]
• Caravels (Karabella), [32], [35]
• Carcaraes, Indian tribe, [203], [232]
• Carch Karaisch. See [Guaycurus]
• Cardas, a kind of teasel, [155]
• Cardos (Cardes), Spanish for thistle, [69]
• Carendies. See [Quirandis]
• Carib and Caniba, name given by Indians of Hayti to their enemies, [xxxvii]
• Carieba, [57];
  • taken by treachery, [58]
• Carios, name by which Schmidt calls the Guaranís, [14], [15], [19];
  • extent of their country, [19];
  • their superiority for work, [ib.];
  • their customs, [20];
  • their cannibalism, [ib.];
  • their treatment of prisoners, [ib.];
  • their war, [ib.];
  • their town, [ib.];
  • their forts, [21];
  • pits dug by, [ib.];
  • their fight with the Spaniards, [ib.];
  • their submission, [22];
  • build a town for the Spaniards, [ib.]; [27], [28], [37], [38], [40], [41];
  • their insurrection, [54];
  • expedition against, [55] seq.;
  • their fortifications, [56], [57], [59];
  • defeat of, [59];
  • join Irala’s expedition, [62]; [64], [70], [71], [76], [81], [82], [83], [102]
• Carob bean (Prosopis dulcis mimosa), [18], [135];
  • flour and wine made of, [ib.]
• Casas, Bartolomé, de las, [xxv];
  • abridges Columbus’ Journal, [xxxvii]
• Casca, de. See [La Gasca]
• Cassia trees, [189];
  • fruit of, [ib.]
• Castellano, gold coin, value of, [242]
• Castille, [258]
• Centenera. See [Barco]
• Ceuti, lemon of, [189]
• Chaco, Indians of the, [xiv]; [xvi]
• Chanés (Chameses, Chaneses), Indian tribe, [65], [66], [102], [103], [191], [197], [202], [203], [231], [232]
• Charles V, King of Spain, [xiii], [xxiii];
  • his partiality for Flemings, [xxiv] seq.;
  • abdication of, [xxix]
• Charúas, tribe of Indians, [xxxvi], [6] seq.; [11]
• Chaves, Nuflo de, sent to Peru, [75], [76]; [244]
• Cheriguanos, now named Moxos and Chiquitos, their country, [xxvii], [37]
• Chimencos, Indian tribe, [203], [232]
• Chiquitos, [xxvii]
• Chunchos, territory of, [73]
• Cipoyay, Indian chief, [107]
• Cock, crow of, saves a ship, [98]
• Coligny protects Villegaignon, [xxix]
• Columbus, Christopher, alteration of his words carne viva regarding the natives of Hayti, [xxxvi] seq.
• Compans, Ternaux, his Collection of Voyages referred to, [xxxiv];
  • his erroneous identifications, [xxxiv], [19], [85]
• Cordova, or Cordoba, [100], [270]
• Corpus Christi, fort, [15], [29]
• Correa, Antonio, [207], [209]
• Corumbá, [186]
• Cotton, [19], [212]
• Crocodile, legend concerning, [42] seq.
• Crossbowmen, [107]
• Cuenca, Bishop of, [262]
• Ciudad Real de Guaira, [118]
• Curitiba, city of, [108]
• Cuyaba, river, [190]
• Cuzco (called by Schmidt, Ruessken), [76]

D.

• Dabere. See [Tabaré]
• Dantas. See [Sheep]
• Danube, river, [60]
• Darts, tipped with flint, [8], [54], [67]
• De Bry, his collection referred to, [xxii];
  • publishes Schmidt’s voyage, [xxx]
• Deer, [44], [45], [66], [68], [118], [148], [149]
• Demerieff. See [Teneriffe]
• Desumsion. See [Asuncion]
• Diaz, Ruy, [62]
• Diembus. See [Timbus]
• Diess. See [Diaz]
• Doberim Carolus. See [Dubrin]
• Domingo, an Indian, [176]
• Dorantes, Pedro (the factor), reconnoitres a way inland, [104];
  • his report, [125];
  • joins expedition, [177];
  • returns to Asuncion, [181]; [240], [256], [258]
• Dryandri, Dr. Johann, Stade’s work written by, [xxx]
• Duarte, Lope, a confederate of Irala, [259]
• Dubrin, Carlos, [14]
• Duechkamin, town of, [19];
  • M. Ternaux, erroneous identification of, [ib.];
  • probably Tomina, [ib.], note

E.

• Ear ornaments, [40]
• Earthquake, [165]
• El Golondrino (the Swallow), name of vessel, [265]
• Escalera, Antonio d’, [251]
• Espinosa. See [Salazar]
• Espiritu Santo, province and port of, [86]
• Estopiñan, Pedro. See [Cabeza de Vaca]
• Eyolla. See [Irala]
• Eyollas, Johann. See [Ayolas]