Land boundaries: 2,926 km total; China 1,236 km, India 1,690 km
Coastline: none—landlocked
Maritime claims: none—landlocked
Climate: varies from cool summers and severe winters in north to subtropical summers and mild winter in south
Terrain: Tarai or flat river plain of the Ganges in south, central hill region, rugged Himalayas in north
Natural resources: quartz, water, timber, hydroelectric potential, scenic beauty; small deposits of lignite, copper, cobalt, iron ore
Land use: 17% arable land; NEGL% permanent crops; 13% meadows and pastures; 33% forest and woodland; 37% other; includes 2% irrigated
Environment: contains eight of world's 10 highest peaks; deforestation; soil erosion; water pollution
Note: landlocked; strategic location between China and India
- People
Population: 19,145,800 (July 1990), growth rate 2.4% (1990)