_#_Literacy: 76% (male 78%, female 75%) age 15 and over can read and write (1980)

_#_Labor force: 11,000,000 economically active (1989); services 34%, agriculture 30%, industry and commerce 29%, mining 7% (1985)

_#_Organized labor: about 17% of total labor force is unionized; African unions represent 15% of black labor force

_*Government #_Long-form name: Republic of South Africa; abbreviated RSA

_#_Type: republic

_#_Capital: administrative, Pretoria; legislative, Cape Town; judicial, Bloemfontein

_#_Administrative divisions: 4 provinces; Cape, Natal, Orange Free State, Transvaal; there are 10 homelands not recognized by the US—4 independent (Bophuthatswana, Ciskei, Transkei, Venda) and 6 other (Gazankulu, Kangwane, KwaNdebele, KwaZulu, Lebowa, QwaQwa)

_#_Independence: 31 May 1910 (from UK)

_#_Constitution: 3 September 1984

_#_Legal system: based on Roman-Dutch law and English common law; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations