established—31 December 1931;
aim—voluntary association that evolved from the British Empire and that seeks to foster multinational cooperation and assistance;
members—(48) Antigua and Barbuda, Australia, The Bahamas,
Bangladesh, Barbados, Belize, Botswana, Brunei, Canada, Cyprus, Dominica,
The Gambia, Ghana, Grenada, Guyana, India, Jamaica, Kenya, Kiribati,
Lesotho, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Malta, Mauritius, Namibia, NZ,
Nigeria, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia,
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore,
Solomon Islands, Sri Lanka, Swaziland, Tanzania, Tonga, Trinidad and
Tobago, Uganda, UK, Vanuatu, Western Samoa, Zambia, Zimbabwe;
special members—(2) Nauru, Tuvalu ————————————————————————————————————- _#Communaute Economique de l'Afrique de l'Ouest (CEAO)—see West African Economic Community (CEAO) ————————————————————————————————————- #Communaute Economique des Etats de l'Afrique Centrale (CEEAC)—see Economic Community of Central African States (CEEAC) ————————————————————————————————————- #Communaute Economique des Pays des Grands Lacs (CEPGL)—see Economic Community of the Great Lakes Countries (CEPGL) ————————————————————————————————————- #Communist countries—traditionally the Marxist-Leninist states with authoritarian governments and command economies based on the Soviet model; see centrally planned economies ————————————————————————————————————- #_Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE)
established—NA November 1972;
aim—discusses issues of mutual concern and reviews implementation of the Helsinki Agreement;
members—(35) Andorra, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada, Cyprus, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Malta, Monaco, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, San Marino, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, UK, US, USSR, Vatican City, Yugoslavia ————————————————————————————————————- _#Conseil Europeen pour la Recherche Nucleaire (CERN)—see European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) ————————————————————————————————————- #Contadora Group (CG) was established 5 January 1983 (on the Panamanian island of Contadora) to reduce tensions and conflicts in Central America but evolved into the Rio Group (RG); members included Colombia, Mexico, Panama, Venezuela ————————————————————————————————————- #Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf—see Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) ————————————————————————————————————- #_Coordinating Committee on Export Controls (COCOM)
established—NA 1949;
aim—compiles strategic embargo list of goods not to be sold by the West to Eastern bloc countries;
members—(15) Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Turkey, UK, US ————————————————————————————————————- _#Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (CEMA), also known as CMEA or Comecon, was established 25 January 1949 to promote the development of socialist economies and was abolished 1 January 1991; members included Afghanistan (observer), Albania (had not participated since 1961 break with USSR), Angola (observer), Bulgaria, Cuba, Czechoslovakia, Ethiopia (observer), GDR, Hungary, Laos (observer), Mongolia, Mozambique (observer), Nicaragua (observer), Poland, Romania, USSR, Vietnam, Yemen (observer), Yugoslavia (associate) ————————————————————————————————————- #_Council of Arab Economic Unity (CAEU)