_#_Environment: subject to periodic cyclones; deforestation; overgrazing; soil erosion; desertification

_#_Note: world's fourth-largest island; strategic location along Mozambique Channel

_*People #_Population: 12,185,318 (July 1991), growth rate 3.2% (1991)

_#_Birth rate: 47 births/1,000 population (1991)

_#_Death rate: 15 deaths/1,000 population (1991)

_#_Net migration rate: 0 migrants/1,000 population (1991)

_#_Infant mortality rate: 95 deaths/1,000 live births (1991)

_#_Life expectancy at birth: 51 years male, 54 years female (1991)

_#_Total fertility rate: 6.9 children born/woman (1991)

_#_Nationality: noun—Malagasy (sing. and pl.); adjective—Malagasy