:Sudan Economy
Currency:
Sudanese pound (plural - pounds); 1 Sudanese pound (#Sd) = 100 piasters
Exchange rates:
official rate - Sudanese pounds (#Sd) per US$1 - 90.1 (March 1992), 5.4288
(1991), 4.5004 (fixed rate since 1987), 2.8121 (1987); note - free market
rate 83 (December 1991)
Fiscal year:
1 July - 30 June
:Sudan Communications
Railroads:
5,500 km total; 4,784 km 1.067-meter gauge, 716 km 1.6096-meter-gauge
plantation line
Highways:
20,000 km total; 1,600 km bituminous treated, 3,700 km gravel, 2,301 km
improved earth, 12,399 km unimproved earth and track
Inland waterways:
5,310 km navigable
Pipelines:
refined products 815 km
Ports:
Port Sudan, Swakin
Merchant marine:
5 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 42,277 GRT/59,588 DWT; includes 3
cargo, 2 roll-on/roll-off cargo
Civil air:
18 major transport aircraft
Airports:
72 total, 57 usable; 8 with permanent-surface runways; none with runways
over 3,659 m; 5 with runways 2,440-3,659 m; 31 with runways 1,220-2,439 m
Telecommunications:
large, well-equipped system by African standards, but barely adequate and
poorly maintained by modern standards; consists of microwave, cable, radio
communications, and troposcatter; domestic satellite system with 14
stations; broadcast stations - 11 AM, 3 TV; satellite earth stations - 1
Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT and 1 ARABSAT
:Sudan Defense Forces
Branches:
Army, Navy, Air Force, Air Defense Force
Manpower availability:
males 15-49, 6,432,270; 3,949,518 fit for military service; 302,696 reach
military age (18) annually
Defense expenditures:
exchange rate conversion - $610 million, 7.2% of GDP (1989 est.)
:Suriname Geography
Total area:
163,270 km2
Land area:
161,470 km2
Comparative area:
slightly larger than Georgia
Land boundaries:
1,707 km total; Brazil 597 km, French Guiana 510 km, Guyana 600 km
Coastline:
386 km
Maritime claims:
Exclusive economic zone:
200 nm
Territorial sea:
12 nm
Disputes:
claims area in French Guiana between Litani Rivier and Riviere Marouini
(both headwaters of the Lawa); claims area in Guyana between New (Upper
Courantyne) and Courantyne/Kutari Rivers (all headwaters of the Courantyne)
Climate:
tropical; moderated by trade winds
Terrain:
mostly rolling hills; narrow coastal plain with swamps
Natural resources:
timber, hydropower potential, fish, shrimp, bauxite, iron ore, and small
amounts of nickel, copper, platinum, gold
Land use:
arable land NEGL%; permanent crops NEGL%; meadows and pastures NEGL%; forest
and woodland 97%; other 3%; includes irrigated NEGL%
Environment:
mostly tropical rain forest
:Suriname People
Population:
410,016 (July 1992), growth rate 1.5% (1992)
Birth rate:
26 births/1,000 population (1992)
Death rate:
6 deaths/1,000 population (1992)
Net migration rate:
-5 migrants/1,000 population (1992)
Infant mortality rate:
34 deaths/1,000 live births (1992)
Life expectancy at birth:
66 years male, 71 years female (1992)
Total fertility rate:
2.9 children born/woman (1992)
Nationality:
noun - Surinamer(s); adjective - Surinamese
Ethnic divisions:
Hindustani (East Indian) 37.0%, Creole (black and mixed) 31.0%, Javanese
15.3%, Bush black 10.3%, Amerindian 2.6%, Chinese 1.7%, Europeans 1.0%,
other 1.1%
Religions:
Hindu 27.4%, Muslim 19.6%, Roman Catholic 22.8%, Protestant (predominantly
Moravian) 25.2%, indigenous beliefs about 5%
Languages:
Dutch (official); English widely spoken; Sranan Tongo (Surinamese, sometimes
called Taki-Taki) is native language of Creoles and much of the younger
population and is lingua franca among others; also Hindi Suriname Hindustani
(a variant of Bhoqpuri) and Javanese
Literacy:
95% (male 95%, female 95%) age 15 and over can read and write (1990 est.)
Labor force:
104,000 (1984)
Organized labor:
49,000 members of labor force