Population:
51,821,230 (July 1993 est.)
Population growth rate:
0.06% (1993 est.)
Birth rate:
12.38 births/1,000 population (1993 est.)
Death rate:
12.53 deaths/1,000 population (1993 est.)
Net migration rate:
0.69 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1993 est.)
Infant mortality rate:
21 deaths/1,000 live births (1993 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
total population:
69.87 years
male:
65.32 years
female:
74.65 years (1993 est.)
Total fertility rate:
1.82 children born/woman (1993 est.)
Nationality:
noun:
Ukrainian(s)
adjective:
Ukrainian
Ethnic divisions:
Ukrainian 73%, Russian 22%, Jewish 1%, other 4%
Religions:
Ukrainian Orthodox - Moscow Patriarchate, Ukrainian Orthodox - Kiev
Patriarchate, Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox, Ukrainian Catholic (Uniate),
Protestant, Jewish
Languages:
Ukrainian, Russian, Romanian, Polish
Literacy:
age 9-49 can read and write (1970)
total population:
100%
male:
100%
female:
100%
Labor force:
25.277 million
by occupation:
industry and construction 41%, agriculture and forestry 19%, health,
education, and culture 18%, trade and distribution 8%, transport and
communication 7%, other 7% (1990)
*Ukraine, Government
Names:
conventional long form:
none
conventional short form:
Ukraine
local long form:
none
local short form:
Ukrayina
former:
Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic
Digraph:
UP
Type:
republic
Capital:
Kiev (Kyyiv)
Administrative divisions:
24 oblasts (oblastey, singular - oblast'), 1 autonomous republic* (avtomnaya, respublika), and 2
municipalites (singular - misto) with oblast status**;, Chernihivs'ka, Cherkas'ka, Chernivets'ka,
Dnipropetrovs'ka, Donets'ka,
Ivano-Frankivs'ka, Kharkivs'ka, Khersons'ka, Khmel'nyts'ka, Kirovohrads'ka,
Kyyiv (Kiev)**, Kyyivs'ka (Kiev), Luhans'ka, L'vivs'ka, Mykolayivs'ka,, Odes'ka, Poltavs'ka,
Respublika Krym*, Rivnens'ka, Sevastopol'**,Sums'ka,, Ternopil's'ka, Vinnyts'ka, Volyns'ka,
Zakarpats'ka, Zaporiz'ka, Zhytomyrs'ka
Independence:
1 December 1991 (from Soviet Union)
Constitution:
using 1978 pre-independence constitution; new consitution currently being
drafted
Legal system:
based on civil law system; no judicial review of legislative acts
National holiday:
Independence Day, 24 August (1991)
Political parties and leaders:
Green Party of Ukraine, Vitaliy KONONOV, leader; Liberal Party of Ukraine,
Ihor MERKULOV, chairman; Liberal Democratic Party of Ukraine, Volodymyr
KLYMCHUK, chairman; Democratic Party of Ukraine, Volodymyr Oleksandrovych
YAVORIVSKIY, chairman; People's Party of Ukraine, Leopol'd TABURYANSKYY,
chairman; Peasants' Party of Ukraine, Serhiy DOVGRAN', chairman; Party of
Democratic Rebirth of Ukraine, Volodymyr FILENKO, chairman; Social
Democratic Party of Ukraine, Yuriy ZBITNEV, chairman; Socialist Party of
Ukraine, Oleksandr MOROZ, chairman; Ukrainian Christian Democratic Party,
Vitaliy ZHURAVSKYY, chairman; Ukrainian Conservative Republican Party,
Stepan KHMARA, chairman; Ukrainian Labor Party, Valentyn LANDIK, chairman;
Ukrainian Party of Justice, Mykhaylo HRECHKO, chairman; Ukrainian Peasants'
Democratic Party, Serhiy PLACHINDA, chairman; Ukrainian Republican Party,
Mykhaylo HORYN', chairman; Ukrainian National Conservative Party, Viktor
RADIONOV, chairman
Other political or pressure groups:
Ukrainian People's Movement for Restructuring (Rukh); New Ukraine (Nova
Ukrayina); Congress of National Democratic Forces
Suffrage:
18 years of age; universal
*Ukraine, Government
Elections:
President:
last held 1 December 1991 (next to be held NA 1996); results - Leonid
KRAVCHUK 61.59%, Vyacheslav CHERNOVIL 23.27%, Levko LUKYANENKO 4.49%,
Volodymyr HRYNYOV 4.17%, Iher YUKHNOVSKY 1.74%, Leopold TABURYANSKYY 0.57%,
other 4.17%
Supreme Council:
last held 4 March 1990 (next scheduled for 1995, may be held earlier in late
1993); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (450 total) number of
seats by party NA
Executive branch:
president, prime minister, cabinet
Legislative branch:
unicameral Supreme Council
Judicial branch:
being organized
Leaders:
Chief of State:
President Leonid Makarovych KRAVCHUK (since 5 December 1991)
Head of Government:
Prime Minister Leonid Danilovych KUCHMA (since 13 October 1992); Acting
First Deputy Prime Minister Yukhym Leonidovych ZVYAHIL'SKYY (since 11 June
1993) and five deputy prime ministers
Member of:
BSEC, CBSS (observer), CIS, CSCE, EBRD, ECE, IAEA, IBRD, ILO, IMF, INMARSAT,
IOC, ITU, NACC, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNPROFOR, UPU, WHO, WIPO,
WMO
Diplomatic representation in US:
chief of mission:
Ambassador Oleh Hryhorovych BILORUS
chancery:
3350 M Street NW, Suite 200, Washington, DC 20007
telephone:
(202) 333-0606
FAX:
(202) 333-0817
US diplomatic representation:
chief of mission:
Ambassador Roman POPADIUK
embassy:
10 Vul. Yuria Kotsyubinskovo, 252053 Kiev 53
mailing address:
APO AE 09862
telephone:
[7] (044) 244-7349
FAX:
[7] (044) 244-7350
Flag:
two equal horizontal bands of azure (top) and golden yellow represent
grainfields under a blue sky
*Ukraine, Economy
Overview:
After Russia, the Ukrainian republic was far and away the most important
economic component of the former Soviet Union producing more than three
times the output of the next-ranking republic. Its fertile black soil
generated more than one fourth of Soviet agricultural output, and its farms
provided substantial quantities of meat, milk, grain and vegetables to other
republics. Likewise, its well-developed and diversified heavy industry
supplied equipment and raw materials to industrial and mining sites in other
regions of the former USSR. In 1992 the Ukrainian government liberalized
most prices and erected a legal framework for privatizing state enterprises
while retaining many central economic controls and continuing subsidies to
state production enterprises. In November 1992 the new Prime Minister KUCHMA
launched a new economic reform program promising more freedom to the
agricultural sector, faster privatization of small and medium enterprises,
and stricter control over state subsidies. Even so, the magnitude of the
problems and the slow pace in building new market-oriented institutions
preclude a near-term recovery of output to the 1990 level.
National product:
GDP $NA
National product real growth rate:
-13% (1992 est.)
National product per capita:
$NA
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
20%-30% per month (first quarter 1993)
Unemployment rate:
NA%
Budget:
revenues $NA; expenditures $NA, including capital expenditures of $NA
Exports:
$13.5 billion to outside of the successor states of the former USSR (1990)
commodities:
coal, electric power, ferrous and nonferrous metals, chemicals, machinery
and transport equipment, grain, meat
partners:
NA
Imports:
$16.7 billion from outside of the successor states of the former USSR (1990)
commodities:
machinery and parts, transportation equipment, chemicals, textiles
partners:
NA
External debt:
$12 billion (1992 est.)
Industrial production:
growth rate -9% (1992)
Electricity:
55,882,000 kW capacity; 281,000 million kWh produced, 5,410 kWh per capita
(1992)
Industries:
coal, electric power, ferrous and nonferrous metals, machinery and transport
equipment, chemicals, food-processing (especially sugar)
Agriculture:
grain, vegetables, meat, milk, sugar beets
Illicit drugs:
illicit producer of cannabis and opium; mostly for CIS consumption; limited
government eradication program; used as transshipment points for illicit
drugs to Western Europe
*Ukraine, Economy
Economic aid:
$NA
Currency:
Ukraine withdrew the Russian ruble from circulation on 12 November 1992 and
declared the karbovanets (plural karbovantsi) sole legal tender in Ukrainian
markets; Ukrainian officials claim this is an interim move toward
introducing a new currency - the hryvnya - possibly in late 1993
Exchange rates:
Ukrainian karbovantsi per $US1 - 3,000 (1 April 1993)
Fiscal year:
calendar year
*Ukraine, Communications