Overview:
Kuwait is a small and relatively open economy with proven crude oil
reserves of about 94 billion barrels - 10% of world reserves. Kuwait
has rebuilt its war-ravaged petroleum sector; its crude oil production
reached at least 2.0 million barrels per day by the end of 1993. The
government ran a sizable fiscal deficit in 1993. Petroleum accounts
for nearly half of GDP and 90% of export and government revenues.
National product:
GDP - purchasing power equivalent - $25.7 billion (1993 est.)
National product real growth rate:
15% (1993 est.)
National product per capita:
$15,100 (1993 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
3% (1993)
Unemployment rate:
NEGL% (1992 est.)
Budget:
revenues:
$9 billion
expenditures:
$13 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (FY93)
Exports:
$10.5 billion (f.o.b., 1993 est.)
commodities:
oil
partners:
France 16%, Italy 15%, Japan 12%, UK 11%
Imports:
$6 billion (f.o.b., 1993 est.)
commodities:
food, construction materials, vehicles and parts, clothing
partners:
US 35%, Japan 12%, UK 9%, Canada 9%
External debt:
$7.2 billion (December 1989 est.)
note:
external debt has grown substantially in 1991 and 1992 to pay for
restoration of war damage
Industrial production:
growth rate NA%; accounts for NA% of GDP
Electricity:
capacity:
6,873,000 kW available out of 7,398,000 kW due to Persian Gulf war
production:
12.264 billion kWh
consumption per capita:
8,890 kWh (1992)
Industries:
petroleum, petrochemicals, desalination, food processing, building
materials, salt, construction
Agriculture:
practically none; dependent on imports for food; about 75% of potable
water must be distilled or imported
Economic aid:
donor:
pledged bilateral aid to less developed countries (1979-89), $18.3
billion
Currency:
1 Kuwaiti dinar (KD) = 1,000 fils
Exchange rates:
Kuwaiti dinars (KD) per US$1 - 0.2982 (January 1994), 0.3017 (1993),
0.2934 (1992), 0.2843 (1991), 0.2915 (1990), 0.2937 (1989)
Fiscal year:
1 July - 30 June
@Kuwait, Communications
Railroads:
none
Highways:
total:
3,900 km
paved:
bituminous 3,000 km
unpaved:
gravel, sand, earth 900 km
Pipelines:
crude oil 877 km; petroleum products 40 km; natural gas 165 km
Ports:
Ash Shu'aybah, Ash Shuwaykh, Mina' al Ahmadi, Mina' 'Abd Allah, Mina'
Su'ud
Merchant marine:
46 ships (1,000 GRT or over), totaling 2,153,693 GRT/3,561,568 DWT,
cargo 10, container 2, liquefied gas 7, livestock carrier 4, oil
tanker 23
Airports:
total:
7
usable:
4
with permanent-surface runways:
4
with runways over 3,659 m:
0
with runways 2,440-3,659 m:
4
with runways 1,220-2,439 m:
0
Telecommunications:
civil network suffered extensive damage as a result of the Gulf war
and reconstruction is still under way with some restored international
and domestic capabilities; broadcast stations - 3 AM, 0 FM, 3 TV;
satellite earth stations - destroyed during Gulf war and not rebuilt
yet; temporary mobile satellite ground stations provide international
telecommunications; coaxial cable and microwave radio relay to Saudi
Arabia; service to Iraq is nonoperational
@Kuwait, Defense Forces
Branches:
Army, Navy, Air Force, National Police Force, National Guard
Manpower availability:
males age 15-49 537,696; fit for military service 321,767; reach
military age (18) annually 15,354 (1994 est.)
Defense expenditures:
exchange rate conversion - $2.5 billion, 7.3% of GDP (FY92/93)
@Kyrgyzstan, Geography
Location:
Central Asia, between China and Kazakhstan
Map references:
Asia, Commonwealth of Independent States - Central Asian States,
Standard Time Zones of the World
Area:
total area:
198,500 sq km
land area:
191,300 sq km
comparative area:
slightly smaller than South Dakota
Land boundaries:
total 3,878 km, China 858 km, Kazakhstan 1,051 km, Tajikistan 870 km,
Uzbekistan 1,099 km
Coastline:
0 km (landlocked)
Maritime claims:
none; landlocked
International disputes:
territorial dispute with Tajikistan on southwestern boundary in Isfara
Valley area
Climate:
dry continental to polar in high Tien Shan; subtropical in southwest
(Fergana Valley); temperate in northern foothill zone
Terrain:
peaks of Tien Shan rise to 7,000 meters, and associated valleys and
basins encompass entire nation
Natural resources:
small amounts of coal abundant hydroelectric potential; significant
deposits of gold and rare earth metals; locally exploitable coal, oil
and natural gas; other deposits of nepheline, mercury, bismuth, lead,
and zinc, natural gas, oil, nepheline, rare earth metals, mercury,
bismuth, gold, lead, zinc, hydroelectric power
Land use:
arable land:
7%
permanent crops:
NEGL%
meadows and pastures:
42%
forest and woodland:
0%
other:
51%
Irrigated land:
10,320 sq km (1990)
Environment:
current issues:
water pollution; many people get their water directly from
contaminated streams and wells and as a result, water-borne diseases
are prevalent; increasing soil salinity from faulty irrigation
practices
natural hazards:
NA
international agreements:
NA
Note:
landlocked
@Kyrgyzstan, People
Population:
4,698,108 (July 1994 est.)
Population growth rate:
1.53% (1994 est.)
Birth rate:
26.33 births/1,000 population (1994 est.)
Death rate:
7.36 deaths/1,000 population (1994 est.)
Net migration rate:
-3.64 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1994 est.)
Infant mortality rate:
46.8 deaths/1,000 live births (1994 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
total population:
67.92 years
male:
63.69 years
female:
72.35 years (1994 est.)
Total fertility rate:
3.35 children born/woman (1994 est.)
Nationality:
noun:
Kyrgyz(s)
adjective:
Kyrgyz
Ethnic divisions:
Kirghiz 52.4%, Russian 21.5%, Uzbek 12.9%, Ukrainian 2.5%, German
2.4%, other 8.3%
Religions:
Muslim 70%, Russian Orthodox NA%
Languages:
Kirghiz (Kyrgyz) - official language, Russian widely used
Literacy:
age 9-49 can read and write (1970)
total population:
100%
male:
100%
female:
100%
Labor force:
1.836 million
by occupation:
agriculture and forestry 38%, industry and construction 21%, other 41%
(1990)
@Kyrgyzstan, Government