@Angola, Economy
Overview:
Subsistence agriculture provides the main livelihood for 80-90% of the
population but accounts for less than 15% of GDP. Oil production is
vital to the economy, contributing about 60% to GDP. Bitter internal
fighting continues to severely affect the economy, and food must be
imported. In 1993, production fell by an estimated 22.6%, mainly
because of the capture by insurgents of the oil town of Soyo and
diamond-producing areas in northeastern Angola. Angola has rich
natural resources - notably gold, diamonds, and arable land, in
addition to large oil depoaits - but will need to end the war and
reform government policies if it is to achieve its potential.
National product:
GDP - purchasing power equivalent - $5.7 billion (1993 est.)
National product real growth rate:
-22.6% (1993 est.)
National product per capita:
$600 (1993 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
1,840% (1993 est.)
Unemployment rate:
15% with considerable underemployment (1993 est.)
Budget:
revenues:
$928 million
expenditures:
$2.5 billion, including capital expenditures of $963 million (1992
est.)
Exports:
$3 billion (f.o.b., 1993 est.)
commodities:
oil, diamonds, refined petroleum products, gas, coffee, sisal, fish
and fish products, timber, cotton
partners:
US, France, Germany, Netherlands, Brazil
Imports:
$1.6 billion (f.o.b., 1992 est.)
commodities:
capital equipment (machinery and electrical equipment), food, vehicles
and spare parts, textiles and clothing, medicines; substantial
military deliveries
partners:
Portugal, Brazil, US, France, Spain
External debt:
$8 billion (1993 est.)
Industrial production:
growth rate NA%; accounts for about 60% of GDP, including petroleum
output
Electricity:
capacity:
510,000 kW
production:
800 million kWh
consumption per capita:
84 kWh (1991)
Industries:
petroleum; mining - diamonds, iron ore, phosphates, feldspar, bauxite,
uranium, and gold; fish processing; food processing; brewing; tobacco;
sugar; textiles; cement; basic metal products
Agriculture:
cash crops - bananas, sugar cane, coffee, sisal, corn, cotton, cane,
manioc, tobacco; food crops - cassava, corn, vegetables, plantains ;
livestock production accounts for 20%, fishing 4%, forestry 2% of
total agricultural output; disruptions caused by civil war, and
marketing deficiencies require food imports
Economic aid:
recipient:
US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $265 million; Western
(non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89),
$1.105 billion; Communist countries (1970-89), $1.3 billion; net
official disbursements (1985-89), $750 million
Currency:
1 new kwanza (NKz) = 100 lwei
Exchange rates:
kwanza (Kz) per US$1 - 90,000 (official rate 1June 1994), 180,000
(black market rate 1 June 1994); 7,000 (official rate 16 December
1993), 50,000 (black market rate 16 December 1993); 3,884 (July 1993);
550 (April 1992); 90 (November 1991); 60 (October 1990)
Fiscal year:
calendar year
@Angola, Communications
Railroads:
3,189 km total; 2,879 km 1.067-meter gauge, 310 km 0.600-meter gauge;
limited trackage in use because of landmines still in place from the
civil war; majority of the Benguela Railroad also closed because of
civil war
Highways:
total:
73,828 km
paved:
bituminous-surface 8,577 km
unpaved:
crushed stone, gravel, improved earth 29,350 km; unimproved earth
35,901 km
Inland waterways:
1,295 km navigable
Pipelines:
crude oil 179 km
Ports:
Luanda, Lobito, Namibe, Cabinda
Merchant marine:
12 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 63,776 GRT/99,863 DWT, cargo 11,
oil tanker 1
Airports:
total:
302
usable:
175
with permanent-surface runways:
32
with runways over 3,659 m:
2
with runways 2,440-3,659 m:
18
with runways 1,220-2,439 m:
59
Telecommunications:
limited system of wire, microwave radio relay, and troposcatter
routes; high frequency radio used extensively for military links;
telephone service limited mostly to government and business use;
40,300 telephones (4.1 telephones per 1,000 persons); broadcast
stations - 17 AM, 13 FM, 6 TV; 2 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT earth
stations
@Angola, Defense Forces
Branches:
Army, Navy, Air Force/Air Defense, People's Defense Organization and
Territorial Troops,
Manpower availability:
males age 15-49 2,262,669; fit for military service 1,139,319; reach
military age (18) annually 96,900 (1994 est.)
Defense expenditures:
$NA, NA% of GDP
@Anguilla
Header
Affiliation: (dependent territory of the UK)
@Anguilla, Geography