parties — (91) Algeria, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Australia,
Austria, The Bahamas, Barbados, Belgium, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria,
Burma, Cambodia, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Cote d'Ivoire,
Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Ecuador,
Egypt, Estonia, Finland, France, Gabon, Gambia, Georgia, Germany,
Ghana, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Israel, Italy,
Jamaica, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, North Korea, South Korea, Latvia,
Lebanon, Liberia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Marshall Islands,
Mexico, Monaco, Morocco, Netherlands, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama,
Papua New Guinea, Peru, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Saint
Vincent and the Grenadines, Seychelles, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia,
South Africa, Spain, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Togo,
Tunisia, Turkey, Tuvalu, Ukraine, United Kingdom, United States,
Uruguay, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, former Yugoslavia
Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty
note — abbreviated as Antarctic-Environmental Protocol
opened for signature — 4 October 1991, but not yet in force
objective — to enhance the protection of the Antarctic environment and dependent and associated ecosystems
parties — (14) Argentina, Australia, Chile, China, Ecuador, France,
Germany, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Peru, Spain, Sweden,
Uruguay
countries that have signed, but not yet ratified — (27) Austria,
Belgium, Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada, Colombia, Cuba, Czech Republic,
Denmark, Finland, Greece, Guatemala, Hungary, India, Italy, Japan,
North Korea, South Korea, Papua New Guinea, Poland, Romania, Russia,
Slovakia, South Africa, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States
Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution concerning the Control of Emissions of Nitrogen Oxides or Their Transboundary Fluxes
note — abbreviated as Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides
opened for signature — 31 October 1988