Exchange rates: Portuguese escudos (Esc) per US$1 - 151.61 (January 1996), 149.97 (1995), 165.99 (1994), 160.80 (1993), 135.00 (1992), 144.48 (1991)
Fiscal year: calendar year
Transportation ———————
Railways:
total: 3,068 km
broad gauge: 2,761 km 1.668-m gauge (464 km electrified; 426 km
double track)
narrow gauge: 307 km 1.000-m gauge
note: in 1992, Portugal had 3,588 km of track of which 464 km were
electrified
Highways:
total: 70,176 km (statistics for continental Portugal only)
paved: 60,351 km (including 519 km of expressways)
unpaved: 9,825 km (1992 est.)
Waterways: 820 km navigable; relatively unimportant to national economy, used by shallow-draft craft limited to 300 metric-ton cargo capacity
Pipelines: crude oil 22 km; petroleum products 58 km
Ports: Aveiro, Funchal (Madeira Islands), Horta (Azores), Leixoes,
Lisbon, Porto, Ponta Delgada (Azores), Praia da Vitoria (Azores),
Setubal, Viana do Castelo
Merchant marine:
total: 72 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 795,725 GRT/1,418,538
DWT
ships by type: bulk 7, cargo 35, chemical tanker 5, container 5,
liquefied gas tanker 4, oil tanker 12, passenger-cargo 1,
refrigerated cargo 1, roll-on/roll-off cargo 1, short-sea passenger 1
note: Portugal has created a captive register on Madeira for
Portuguese-owned ships; ships on the Madeira Register (MAR) will
have taxation and crewing benefits of a flag of convenience;
Portugal owns an additional 25 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling
155,776 DWT operating under the registries of Panama and Malta (1995
est.)
Airports:
total: 67
with paved runways over 3 047 m: 5
with paved runways 2 438 to 3 047 m: 8
with paved runways 1 524 to 2 437 m: 3
with paved runways 914 to 1 523 m: 18
with paved runways under 914 m: 30
with unpaved runways 914 to 1 523 m: 3 (1995 est.)