Fiscal year: calendar year
Transportation ———————
Railways: total: 10,386 km standard gauge: 10,386 km 1.435-m gauge (1,088 km electrified)
Highways:
total: 386,704 km
paved: 45,683 km (including 862 km of expressways)
unpaved: 341,021 km (1992 est.)
Waterways: about 1,200 km
Pipelines: crude oil 1,738 km; petroleum products 2,321 km;
natural gas 708 km
Ports: Gemlik, Hopa, Iskenderun, Istanbul, Izmir, Izmit, Mersin,
Samsun, Trabzon
Merchant marine:
total: 465 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 5,509,741
GRT/9,494,434 DWT
ships by type: bulk 139, cargo 212, chemical tanker 18, combination
bulk 7, combination ore/oil 12, container 2, liquefied gas tanker 4,
livestock carrier 1, oil tanker 43, passenger-cargo 1, refrigerated
cargo 2, roll-on/roll-off cargo 15, short-sea passenger 7,
specialized tanker 2
note: Turkey owns an additional 18 ships (1,000 GRT or over)
totaling 247,369 DWT operating under the registries of Malta,
Panama, Libya, and Greece (1995 est.)
Airports:
total: 104
with paved runways over 3 047 m: 17
with paved runways 2 438 to 3 047 m: 19
with paved runways 1 524 to 2 437 m: 12
with paved runways 914 to 1 523 m: 18
with paved runways under 914 m: 28
with unpaved runways 1 524 to 2 437 m: 2
with unpaved runways 914 to 1 523 m: 8 (1995 est.)
Heliports: 2 (1995 est.)