Geography - note: landlocked; predominantly rural population
@Rwanda:People
Population: 7,737,537 (July 1997 est.) note : genocide and civil war in 1994 killed more than 1 million Rwandans and forced more than 2 million to flee to neighboring countries
Age structure: 0-14 years: 45% (male 1,769,247; female 1,757,957) 15-64 years: 52% (male 1,978,076; female 2,018,141) 65 years and over: 3% (male 88,556; female 125,560) (July 1997 est.)
Population growth rate: 8.24% (1997 est.)
Birth rate: 38.73 births/1,000 population (1997 est.)
Death rate: 21.06 deaths/1,000 population (1997 est.)
Net migration rate: 64.78 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1997 est.) note: following the outbreak of genocidal strife in Rwanda in April 1994 between Tutsi and Hutu factions, more than 2 million refugees fled to neighboring Burundi, Tanzania, Uganda, and Democratic Republic of the Congo, formerly Zaire; according to the UN High Commission on Refugees, in 1996 and early 1997 nearly 1,300,000 Hutus returned to Rwanda; of these 720,000 returned from Democratic Republic of the Congo, 480,000 from Tanzania, 88,000 from Burundi, and 10,000 from Uganda
Sex ratio: at birth : 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.7 male(s)/female total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (1997 est.)
Infant mortality rate: 118.8 deaths/1,000 live births (1997 est.)