Military branches: Ministry of Defense (Army, Air and Air Defense,
Navy, Border Troops, and Internal Troops), National Guard
Military manpower-military age: 18 years of age
Military manpower-availability: males age 15-49: 1,080,486 (1998 est.)
Military manpower-fit for military service: males: 878,274 (1998 est.)
Military manpower-reaching military age annually: males: 43,901 (1998 est.)
Military expenditures-dollar figure: 4.5 billion manats (1995); note-conversion of defense expenditures into US dollars using the current exchange rate could produce misleading results
Military expenditures-percent of GDP: 3% (1995)
@Turkmenistan:Transnational Issues
Disputes-international: Caspian Sea boundaries are not yet determined among Azerbaijan, Iran, Kazakhstan, Russia, and Turkmenistan
Illicit drugs: limited illicit cultivator of opium poppy, mostly for domestic consumption; limited government eradication program; increasingly used as transshipment point for illicit drugs from Southwest Asia to Russia and Western Europe; also a transshipment point for acetic anhydride destined for Afghanistan