Highways: total: 81,331 km paved: 77,020 km unpaved: 4,311 km (2000)
Waterways:
3,900 km
note: on the Syr Darya (Syrdariya) and Ertis (Irtysh) rivers
Pipelines:
condensate 640 km; gas 10,527 km; oil 9,771 km; refined products
1,187 km; water 1,465 km (2003)
Ports and harbors:
Aqtau (Shevchenko), Atyrau (Gur'yev), Oskemen (Ust-Kamenogorsk),
Pavlodar, Semey (Semipalatinsk)
Merchant marine:
total: 1 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 1,064 GRT/646 DWT
ships by type: roll on/roll off 1
note: includes a foreign-owned ship registered here as a flag of
convenience: US 1 (2002 est.)
Airports:
488 (2002)
Airports - with paved runways:
total: 60
over 3,047 m: 7
2,438 to 3,047 m: 26
1,524 to 2,437 m: 14
914 to 1,523 m: 4
under 914 m: 9 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways:
total: 428
over 3,047 m: 11
2,438 to 3,047 m: 19
1,524 to 2,437 m: 44
914 to 1,523 m: 103
under 914 m: 251 (2002)
Military Kazakhstan
Military branches:
Ground Forces, Air and Air Defense Forces, Naval Force, Border
Service, Republican Guard