Environment - international agreements:
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto
Protocol, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Geography - note:
landlocked; the western and central low-lying, desolate portions of
the country make up the great Garagum (Kara-Kum) desert, which
occupies over 80% of the country; eastern part is plateau
People Turkmenistan
Population:
4,775,544 (July 2003 est.)
Age structure:
0-14 years: 36.8% (male 899,954; female 855,293)
15-64 years: 59.2% (male 1,386,606; female 1,438,333)
65 years and over: 4.1% (male 74,958; female 120,400) (2003 est.)
Median age:
total: 21.1 years
male: 20.2 years
female: 22 years (2002)
Population growth rate:
1.82% (2003 est.)
Birth rate:
28.02 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Death rate:
8.87 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Net migration rate:
-0.92 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.)