Lebanon
political party activity is organized along largely
sectarian lines; numerous political groupings exist, consisting of
individual political figures and followers motivated by religious,
clan, and economic considerations
Lesotho
Basotho Congress Party or BCP [Tseliso MAKHAKHE]; Basotho
National Party or BNP [Maj. Gen. Justine Metsing LEKHANYA]; Lesotho
Congress for Democracy or LCD [Phebe MOTEBANO, chairwoman; Pakalitha
MOSISILI, leader] - the governing party; Lesotho People's Congress
or LPC [Kelebone MAOPE]; United Democratic Party or UDP [Charles
MOFELI]; Marematlou Freedom Party or MFP and Setlamo Alliance
[Vincent MALEBO]; Progressive National Party or PNP [Chief Peete
Nkoebe PEETE]; Sefate Democratic Party or SDP [Bofihla NKUEBE]
Liberia
Alliance of Political Parties (a coalition of LAP and LUP)
[leader NA]; All Liberia Coalition Party or ALCOP [Peter KERBAY];
Liberian Action Party or LAP [C. Gyude BRYANT]; Liberian People's
Party or LPP [Koffa NAGBE]; Liberia Unification Party or LUP [leader
NA]; National Patriotic Party or NPP [Cyril ALLEN] - governing
party; United People's Party or UPP [Wesley JOHNSON]; Unity Party or
UP [Charles CLARKE]
Libya
none
Liechtenstein
Fatherland Union or VU [Oswald KRANZ]; Progressive
Citizens' Party or FBP [Ernst WALCH]; The Free List or FL [Dr. Pepo
FRICK, Karin JENNY, Rene HASLER]
Lithuania
Electoral Action of Lithuanian Poles [Valdemar
TOMASZEVSKI, chairman]; Homeland Union/Conservative Party or TS
[Andrius KUBILIUS, chairman]; Lithuanian Center Union or LCS
[Kestutis GLAVECKAS, chairman]; Lithuanian Christian Democrats or
LKD [Kazys BOBELIS]; Lithuanian Farmer's Party or LUP [Ramunas
KARBAUSKIS, chairman]; Lithuanian Green Party [Rimantas BRAZIULIS];
Lithuanian Liberal Youth [Neringa MOROZAITE]; Lithuanian National
Democratic Party [Vygintas GONTIS]; Lithuanian Social Democratic
Coalition [Algirdas BRAZAUSKAS, chairman] consists of the Lithuanian
Democratic Labor Party or LDDP, the Lithuanian Social Democratic
Party or LSDP, and New Democracy; Moderate Conservative Union
[Gediminas VAGNORIUS]; Modern Christian Democratic Union [Vytautas
BOGUSIS, chairman]; New Democracy and Farmer's Union [Kazimiera
PRUNSKIENE, chairman]; New Union-Social Liberals [Arturas
PAULAUSKAS, chairman]; Young Lithuania [Arnoldas PLATELIS]
Luxembourg
Action Committee for Democracy and Justice or ADR [Robert
MEHLEN]; Christian Social People's Party or CSV (known also as
Christian Social Party or PCS) [Erna HENNICOT-SCHOEPGES]; Democratic
Party or DP [Lydie POLFER]; Green Party [Abbes JACOBY and Felix
BRAS]; Luxembourg Socialist Workers' Party or LSAP [Jean ASSELBORN];
Marxist and Reformed Communist Party DEI LENK (the Left) [no formal
leadership]; other minor parties
Macau
there are no formal political parties, however, there are
civic associations that, for purposes of legislative voting, join
together to form political blocs
Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of
Democratic Alternative or
DA [Vasil TUPURKOVSKI, president]; Democratic Union for Integration
or DUI (also BDI) [Ali AHMETI]; Democratic Party of Albanians or
PDSH [Arben XHAFERI, president]; Internal Macedonian Revolutionary
Organization-Democratic Party for Macedonian National Unity or
VMRO-DPMNE [Ljubco GEORGIEVSKI, president]; Internal Macedonian
Revolutionary Organization-True Macedonian Reform Option or
VMRO-VMRO [Boris ZMEJKOVSKI]; Internal Macedonian Revolutionary
Organization-Macedonian [Boris STOJMENOV]; Liberal Democratic Party
or LDP [Risto PENOV]; Liberal Party [Stojan ANDOV]; National
Democratic Party or PDK [Kastriot HAXHIREXHA]; Party for Democratic
Prosperity or PPD [Abdurrahman HALITI]; Social-Democratic Alliance
of Macedonia or SDSM [Branko CRVENKOVSKI, president]; Socialist
Party of Macedonia or SP [Ljubisav IVANOV, president]; Together for
Macedonia coalition (including the SDSM and LDP) [Branko
CRVENKOVSKI]; Union of Romanies of Macedonia or SRM [leader NA]
Madagascar
Association for the Rebirth of Madagascar or AREMA
[leader vacant]; Economic Liberalism and Democratic Action for
National Recovery or LEADER/Fanilo [Herizo RAZAFIMAHALEO]; I Love
Madagascar or TIM [leader NA]; National Union or FP [leader NA];
Renewal of the Social Democratic Party or RPSD [Evariste MARSON]