Ports and harbors:
Aqtau (Shevchenko), Atyrau (Gur'yev), Oskemen (Ust-Kamenogorsk),
Pavlodar, Semey (Semipalatinsk)
Merchant marine:
total: 1 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 1,064 GRT/646 DWT
by type: roll on/roll off 1
foreign-owned: 26 Netherlands 1 (2004 est.)
Airports:
392 (2003 est.)
Airports - with paved runways:
total: 64
over 3,047 m: 9
2,438 to 3,047 m: 26
914 to 1,523 m: 3
under 914 m: 10 (2003 est.)
1,524 to 2,437 m: 16
Airports - with unpaved runways:
total: 328
under 914 m: 217 (2003 est.)
over 3,047 m: 7
2,438 to 3,047 m: 11
914 to 1,523 m: 71
1,524 to 2,437 m: 22
Heliports:
1 (2003 est.)
Military Kazakhstan
Military branches:
Ground Forces, Air and Air Defense Forces, Naval Force, Republican
Guard
Military manpower - military age and obligation:
18 years of age for compulsory military service; conscript service
obligation - 2 years; minimum age for volunteers NA (2004 est.)
Military manpower - availability:
males age 15-49: 4,233,623 (2004 est.)