Military manpower - fit for military service:
males age 15-49: 11,965,262 (2004 est.)
Military manpower - reaching military age annually:
males: 680,673 (2004 est.)
Military expenditures - dollar figure:
$12.155 billion (2003)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP:
5.3% (2003)
Transnational Issues Turkey
Disputes - international:
complex maritime, air, and territorial disputes with Greece in the
Aegean Sea; Cyprus question remains with Greece; Syria and Iraq
protest Turkish hydrological projects to control upper Euphrates
waters; Turkey has expressed concern over the status of Kurds in
Iraq; border with Armenia remains closed over Nagorno-Karabakh
Refugees and internally displaced persons:
IDPs: 350,000-1,000,000 (fighting from 1984-1999 between Kurdish
PKK and Turkish military; most IDPs in southeastern provinces) (2004)
Illicit drugs:
key transit route for Southwest Asian heroin to Western Europe and
- to a far lesser extent the US - via air, land, and sea routes;
major Turkish, Iranian, and other international trafficking
organizations operate out of Istanbul; laboratories to convert
imported morphine base into heroin are in remote regions of Turkey
as well as near Istanbul; government maintains strict controls over
areas of legal opium poppy cultivation and output of poppy straw
concentrate
This page was last updated on 10 February, 2005
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