Turkey
complex maritime, air, and territorial disputes with Greece
in the Aegean Sea; Cyprus question remains with Greece; Syria and
Iraq protest Turkish hydrological projects to control upper
Euphrates waters; Turkey has expressed concern over the status of
Kurds in Iraq; border with Armenia remains closed over
Nagorno-Karabakh
Turkmenistan
prolonged regional drought created water-sharing
difficulties for Amu Darya river states; Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan
reached an agreement on improving water usage along the Amu Darya in
2004; delimitation of Caspian seabed remains unresolved
Turks and Caicos Islands have received Haitians fleeing economic collapse and civil unrest
Tuvalu
none
Uganda
Tutsi, Hutu, Lendu, Hema, and other ethnic groups, associated
political rebels, armed gangs, militias, and various government
forces continue fighting in the Great Lakes region, transcending the
boundaries of Burundi, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, and
Uganda to gain control over populated areas and natural resources;
government heads pledge to end conflict, but localized violence
continues despite UN peacekeeping efforts; civil conflict in Sudan
has extended Sudanese rebel forces and refugees into Uganda and
given shelter to Ugandan Lord's Resistance Army soldiers in Sudan;
Kenya and Uganda are working together to stem cattle rustling and
violence by Lord's Resistance Army along the border
Ukraine
1997 boundary treaty with Belarus remains unratified due to
unresolved financial claims, preventing demarcation and reducing
border security; delimitation of land boundary with Russia is
complete but boundary through the Sea of Azov and Kerch Strait
remains unresolved despite a December 2003 framework agreement and
on-going expert-level discussions; Ukraine protests Russia's
construction of a causeway in the direction of
Ukrainian-administered Tuzla Island in the Kerch Strait;
difficulties with Moldova's Transnistria region complicate
controlling border crossing and customs regimes despite concordance
on the 2003 delimitation and customs protocols and OSCE assistance;
has not resolved Romanian claims to Ukrainian-administered Zmiyinyy
(Snake) Island and Black Sea maritime boundary despite ongoing talks
based on 1997 friendship treaty to find a solution in two years;
ongoing dispute between Ukraine and Romania over the Danube River
delta
United Arab Emirates
because the treaties have not been made public,
the exact alignment of the boundary with Saudi Arabia is still
unknown and labeled approximate; boundary agreement signed and
ratified with Oman in 2003 for entire border, including Oman's
Musandam Peninsula and Al Madhah enclaves; UAE engage in direct
talks and solicit Arab League support to resolve disputes over
Iran's occupation of Lesser and Greater Tunb Islands and Abu Musa
Island
United Kingdom
since Gibraltar residents voted overwhelmingly by
referendum in 2003 against a "total shared sovereignty" arrangement,
talks between the UK and Spain over the fate of the 300-year old UK
colony have stalled; Spain disapproves of UK plans to grant
Gibraltar greater autonomy; Mauritius and Seychelles claim the
Chagos Archipelago (British Indian Ocean Territory), and its former
inhabitants since their eviction in 1965; most reside chiefly in
Mauritius, and in 2001 were granted UK citizenship and the right to
repatriation; UK continues to reject sovereignty talks requested by
Argentina, which still claims the Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands; Rockall
continental shelf dispute involving Denmark and Iceland remains
dormant; territorial claim in Antarctica (British Antarctic
Territory) overlaps Argentine claim and partially overlaps Chilean
claim; disputes with Iceland, Denmark, and Ireland over the Faroe
Islands continental shelf boundary outside 200 nm
United States
Prolonged drought, population growth, and outmoded
practices and infrastructure in the border region has strained
water-sharing arrangements with Mexico; undocumented nationals from
Mexico and Central America continue to enter the United States
illegally; 1990 Maritime Boundary Agreement in the Bering Sea still
awaits Russian Duma ratification; managed maritime boundary disputes
with Canada at Dixon Entrance, Beaufort Sea, Strait of Juan de Fuca,
and around the disputed Machias Seal Island and North Rock; The
Bahamas have not been able to agree on a maritime boundary; US Naval
Base at Guantanamo Bay is leased from Cuba and only mutual agreement
or US abandonment of the area can terminate the lease; Haiti claims
US-administered Navassa Island; US has made no territorial claim in
Antarctica (but has reserved the right to do so) and does not
recognize the claims of any other state; Marshall Islands claims
Wake Island
Uruguay
uncontested dispute with Brazil over certain islands in the
Quarai/Cuareim and Invernada streams and the resulting tripoint with
Argentina